An ultra-stable 1.5 T permanent magnet assembly for qubit experiments at cryogenic temperatures

C. Adambukulam; V. K. Sewani; H. G. Stemp; S. Asaad; M. T. Mądzik; A. Morello; A. Laucht

doi:10.1063/5.0055318

An ultra-stable 1.5 T permanent magnet assembly for qubit experiments at cryogenic temperatures

C. Adambukulam^*
, V. K. Sewani
, H. G. Stemp
, S. Asaad
, M. T. Mądzik
, A. Morello
, A. Laucht

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

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Abstract

Magnetic fields are a standard tool in the toolbox of every physicist and are required for the characterization of materials, as well as the polarization of spins in nuclear magnetic resonance or electron paramagnetic resonance experiments. Quite often, a static magnetic field of sufficiently large, but fixed, magnitude is suitable for these tasks. Here, we present a permanent magnet assembly that can achieve magnetic field strengths of up to 1.5 T over an air gap length of 7 mm. The assembly is based on a Halbach array of neodymium magnets, with the inclusion of the soft magnetic material Supermendur to boost the magnetic field strength inside the air gap. We present the design, simulation, and characterization of the permanent magnet assembly, measuring an outstanding magnetic field stability with a drift rate of |D| < 2.8 ppb/h. Our measurements demonstrate that this assembly can be used for spin qubit experiments inside a dilution refrigerator, successfully replacing the more expensive and bulky superconducting solenoids.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	085106
Tidsskrift	Review of Scientific Instruments
Vol/bind	92
Udgave nummer	8
Antal sider	9
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0055318
Status	Udgivet - 1 aug. 2021

Bibliografisk note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Author(s).

Finansiering

We are thankful to the team involved in the fabrication of the donor spin qubit devices used for the field stability test: Fay E. Hudson, Kohei M. Itoh, David N. Jamieson, A. Melwin Jakob, Brett C. Johnson, Jeffrey C. McCallum, and Andrew S. Dzurak. This research was funded by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (Grant No. CE170100012) and the US Army Research Office (Contract No. W911NF-17-1-0200). We acknowledge the support of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). A.L. and C.A. acknowledge the support through the UNSW Scientia Program. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the ARO or the US Government. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein.

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title = "An ultra-stable 1.5 T permanent magnet assembly for qubit experiments at cryogenic temperatures",

abstract = "Magnetic fields are a standard tool in the toolbox of every physicist and are required for the characterization of materials, as well as the polarization of spins in nuclear magnetic resonance or electron paramagnetic resonance experiments. Quite often, a static magnetic field of sufficiently large, but fixed, magnitude is suitable for these tasks. Here, we present a permanent magnet assembly that can achieve magnetic field strengths of up to 1.5 T over an air gap length of 7 mm. The assembly is based on a Halbach array of neodymium magnets, with the inclusion of the soft magnetic material Supermendur to boost the magnetic field strength inside the air gap. We present the design, simulation, and characterization of the permanent magnet assembly, measuring an outstanding magnetic field stability with a drift rate of |D| < 2.8 ppb/h. Our measurements demonstrate that this assembly can be used for spin qubit experiments inside a dilution refrigerator, successfully replacing the more expensive and bulky superconducting solenoids. ",

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note = "Funding Information: We are thankful to the team involved in the fabrication of the donor spin qubit devices used for the field stability test: Fay E. Hudson, Kohei M. Itoh, David N. Jamieson, A. Melwin Jakob, Brett C. Johnson, Jeffrey C. McCallum, and Andrew S. Dzurak. This research was funded by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (Grant No. CE170100012) and the US Army Research Office (Contract No. W911NF-17-1-0200). We acknowledge the support of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). A.L. and C.A. acknowledge the support through the UNSW Scientia Program. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the ARO or the US Government. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Author(s).",

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AU - Adambukulam, C.

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AU - Stemp, H. G.

AU - Asaad, S.

AU - Mądzik, M. T.

AU - Morello, A.

AU - Laucht, A.

N1 - Funding Information: We are thankful to the team involved in the fabrication of the donor spin qubit devices used for the field stability test: Fay E. Hudson, Kohei M. Itoh, David N. Jamieson, A. Melwin Jakob, Brett C. Johnson, Jeffrey C. McCallum, and Andrew S. Dzurak. This research was funded by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology (Grant No. CE170100012) and the US Army Research Office (Contract No. W911NF-17-1-0200). We acknowledge the support of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). A.L. and C.A. acknowledge the support through the UNSW Scientia Program. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the ARO or the US Government. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Author(s).

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N2 - Magnetic fields are a standard tool in the toolbox of every physicist and are required for the characterization of materials, as well as the polarization of spins in nuclear magnetic resonance or electron paramagnetic resonance experiments. Quite often, a static magnetic field of sufficiently large, but fixed, magnitude is suitable for these tasks. Here, we present a permanent magnet assembly that can achieve magnetic field strengths of up to 1.5 T over an air gap length of 7 mm. The assembly is based on a Halbach array of neodymium magnets, with the inclusion of the soft magnetic material Supermendur to boost the magnetic field strength inside the air gap. We present the design, simulation, and characterization of the permanent magnet assembly, measuring an outstanding magnetic field stability with a drift rate of |D| < 2.8 ppb/h. Our measurements demonstrate that this assembly can be used for spin qubit experiments inside a dilution refrigerator, successfully replacing the more expensive and bulky superconducting solenoids.

AB - Magnetic fields are a standard tool in the toolbox of every physicist and are required for the characterization of materials, as well as the polarization of spins in nuclear magnetic resonance or electron paramagnetic resonance experiments. Quite often, a static magnetic field of sufficiently large, but fixed, magnitude is suitable for these tasks. Here, we present a permanent magnet assembly that can achieve magnetic field strengths of up to 1.5 T over an air gap length of 7 mm. The assembly is based on a Halbach array of neodymium magnets, with the inclusion of the soft magnetic material Supermendur to boost the magnetic field strength inside the air gap. We present the design, simulation, and characterization of the permanent magnet assembly, measuring an outstanding magnetic field stability with a drift rate of |D| < 2.8 ppb/h. Our measurements demonstrate that this assembly can be used for spin qubit experiments inside a dilution refrigerator, successfully replacing the more expensive and bulky superconducting solenoids.

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