TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of meteorology-chemistry interactions during air pollution episodes using online coupled models within AQMEII phase-2
AU - Kong, Xin
AU - Forkel, Renate
AU - Sokhi, Ranjeet S.
AU - Suppan, Peter
AU - Baklanov, Alexander
AU - Gauss, Michael
AU - Brunner, Dominik
AU - Barò, Rocìo
AU - Balzarini, Alessandra
AU - Chemel, Charles
AU - Curci, Gabriele
AU - Jiménez-Guerrero, Pedro
AU - Hirtl, Marcus
AU - Honzak, Luka
AU - Im, Ulas
AU - Pérez, Juan L.
AU - Pirovano, Guido
AU - San Jose, Roberto
AU - Schlünzen, K. Heinke
AU - Tsegas, George
AU - Tuccella, Paolo
AU - Werhahn, Johannes
AU - Žabkar, Rahela
AU - Galmarini, Stefano
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was realized within and supported by the COST Action ES1004 EuMetChem. We thank all participants for completing the COST expert poll questionnaire. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of various groups to the second air Quality Model Evaluation international Initiative (AQMEII) activity: TNO (anthropogenic emissions database); ECMWF/MACC project & Météo-France/CNRM -GAME (chemical boundary conditions) and FMI (fire emissions). The Joint Research Center Ispra/Institute for Environment and Sustainability provided its ENSEMBLE system for model output harmonization, analyses and evaluation. Dr. Natalia Chubarova from Moscow State University and Dr. Elena Lezina from Mosecomonitoring are also thanked for providing the measurements data at a Moscow station. The UPM authors gratefully acknowledge the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Centro de Supercomputación y Visualización de Madrid (CESVIMA) and the Spanish Supercomputing Network (BSC). The UMU group acknowledges the funding from the project CGL2013-48491-R , Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness . The RSE contribution has been financed by the Research Fund for the Italian Electrical System ( Decree of March 8, 2006 ) under the Contract Agreement between RSE S.p.A. and the Ministry of Economic Development – General Directorate for Nuclear Energy, Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in compliance with the Decree of March 8, 2006 . WRF-CMAQ work was based on TRANSPHORM (grant no 243406 ) approaches for regional models.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/8/1
Y1 - 2015/8/1
N2 - This study reviews the top ranked meteorology and chemistry interactions in online coupled models recommended by an experts' survey conducted in COST Action EuMetChem and examines the sensitivity of those interactions during two pollution episodes: the Russian forest fires 25 Jul-15 Aug 2010 and a Saharan dust transport event from 1 Oct to 31 Oct 2010 as a part of the AQMEII phase-2 exercise. Three WRF-Chem model simulations were performed for the forest fire case for a baseline without any aerosol feedback on meteorology, a simulation with aerosol direct effects only and a simulation including both direct and indirect effects. For the dust case study, eight WRF-Chem and one WRF-CMAQ simulations were selected from the set of simulations conducted in the framework of AQMEII. Of these two simulations considered no feedbacks, two included direct effects only and five simulations included both direct and indirect effects. The results from both episodes demonstrate that it is important to include the meteorology and chemistry interactions in online-coupled models. Model evaluations using routine observations collected in AQMEII phase-2 and observations from a station in Moscow show that for the fire case the simulation including only aerosol direct effects has better performance than the simulations with no aerosol feedbacks or including both direct and indirect effects. The normalized mean biases are significantly reduced by 10-20% for PM10 when including aerosol direct effects. The analysis for the dust case confirms that models perform better when including aerosol direct effects, but worse when including both aerosol direct and indirect effects, which suggests that the representation of aerosol indirect effects needs to be improved in the model.
AB - This study reviews the top ranked meteorology and chemistry interactions in online coupled models recommended by an experts' survey conducted in COST Action EuMetChem and examines the sensitivity of those interactions during two pollution episodes: the Russian forest fires 25 Jul-15 Aug 2010 and a Saharan dust transport event from 1 Oct to 31 Oct 2010 as a part of the AQMEII phase-2 exercise. Three WRF-Chem model simulations were performed for the forest fire case for a baseline without any aerosol feedback on meteorology, a simulation with aerosol direct effects only and a simulation including both direct and indirect effects. For the dust case study, eight WRF-Chem and one WRF-CMAQ simulations were selected from the set of simulations conducted in the framework of AQMEII. Of these two simulations considered no feedbacks, two included direct effects only and five simulations included both direct and indirect effects. The results from both episodes demonstrate that it is important to include the meteorology and chemistry interactions in online-coupled models. Model evaluations using routine observations collected in AQMEII phase-2 and observations from a station in Moscow show that for the fire case the simulation including only aerosol direct effects has better performance than the simulations with no aerosol feedbacks or including both direct and indirect effects. The normalized mean biases are significantly reduced by 10-20% for PM10 when including aerosol direct effects. The analysis for the dust case confirms that models perform better when including aerosol direct effects, but worse when including both aerosol direct and indirect effects, which suggests that the representation of aerosol indirect effects needs to be improved in the model.
KW - Aerosol direct effects
KW - Feedback
KW - Fire and dust
KW - PM10
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84937918358&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.020
DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.020
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:84937918358
VL - 115
SP - 527
EP - 540
JO - Atmospheric Environment
JF - Atmospheric Environment
SN - 1352-2310
ER -