COVID-19 mRNA vaccine allergy

Ágnes Csuth, Lene Heise Garvey, Maria C. Jenmalm*

*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftLederForskningpeer review

Abstract

Severe immediate allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported since the second day of the mass vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the initially estimated rate of anaphylaxis was up to 11.1 cases per million administered doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine and 2.5 cases per million administered doses of the Moderna vaccine.1-3 Because anaphylaxis in response to vaccines is generally rare (1 case per million administered doses), the higher incidence led to scrutiny of the mRNA vaccines and their excipients.3 Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was initially identified as a possible culprit with allergenic potential.2-4 PEG had not been utilized as a vaccine excipient before the mRNA vaccine era, and given that serious allergic reactions due to PEG or its derivatives had been described previously, it was not just an object of research but even gained public attention. The aim of this brief review is to summarize the recent evidence regarding immediate allergic reactions due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines and discuss the different underlying mechanisms.
OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
ISSN0091-6749
DOI
StatusAccepteret/In press - 2024

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