Abstract
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Tidsskrift | Neuroscience |
| Vol/bind | 54 |
| Udgave nummer | 4 |
| Sider (fra-til) | 1019-34 |
| Antal sider | 15 |
| ISSN | 0306-4522 |
| Status | Udgivet - 1993 |
Bibliografisk note
Keywords: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cobalt; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nipecotic Acids; Nocodazole; Potassium; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptic Vesicles; Verapamil; gamma-Aminobutyric AcidOpenUrl tilgængelighed
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I: Neuroscience, Bind 54, Nr. 4, 1993, s. 1019-34.
Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Depolarization by K+ and glutamate activates different neurotransmitter release mechanisms in GABAergic neurons: vesicular versus non-vesicular release of GABA
AU - Belhage, B
AU - Hansen, Gert Helge
AU - Schousboe, A
N1 - Keywords: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cobalt; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nipecotic Acids; Nocodazole; Potassium; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Receptors, GABA-A; Synaptic Vesicles; Verapamil; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
PY - 1993
Y1 - 1993
N2 - Neurotransmitter release and changes in the concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca++]i) were studied in cultured GABAergic cerebral cortical neurons, from mice, upon depolarization with either an unphysiologically high potassium concentration (55 mM) or the physiological excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate (100 microM). Both depolarizing stimuli exerted prompt increases in the release of preloaded [3H]GABA as well as in [Ca++]i. However, the basic properties of transmitter release and the increase in [Ca++]i under a variety of conditions were different during stimulation with K+ or glutamate. Potassium-evoked release of [3H]GABA consisted of two phases, a rapid, large and transient phase followed by a smaller, more persistent second phase. The rapid phase was inhibited (60%) by nocodazole which reduced the number of vesicles in the neurites by 80%. This rapid phase of the GABA release was also reduced by organic (verapamil) and inorganic (Co++) Ca++ channel blockers but was insensitive to the GABA transport inhibitor SKF 89976A. In contrast, the second phase was less sensitive to nocodazole and Ca++ channel antagonists but could be inhibited by SKF 89976A. The glutamate-induced [3H]GABA release, which was mainly mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, consisted of a single, sustained phase. This was insensitive to nocodazole, partly inhibited by verapamil and could be blocked by Co++ as well as SKF 89976A. The action of Co++ could be attributed to a block of N-methyl-D-aspartate-associated ion channels. These findings strongly suggest that the majority of the K(+)-stimulated GABA release is dependent upon vesicles whereas the glutamate induced release is non-vesicular and mediated by a depolarization-dependent reversal of the direction of high-affinity GABA transport. The basic differences in the mode of action of the two depolarizing stimuli were reflected in the properties of the increase in [Ca++]i elicited by 55 mM K+ and 100 microM glutamate, respectively. The K(+)-induced increase in [Ca++]i was reduced by both verapamil and Ca(++)-free media whereas the corresponding glutamate response was only sensitive to Ca(++)-free conditions. Exposure of the cells to nocodazole or SKF 89976A had no effect on the ability of K+ or glutamate to increase [Ca++]i. Altogether, the results clearly demonstrate that K(+)-induced transmitter release from these GABAergic neurons is vesicular in nature whereas that induced by the neurotransmitter glutamate is not.
AB - Neurotransmitter release and changes in the concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca++]i) were studied in cultured GABAergic cerebral cortical neurons, from mice, upon depolarization with either an unphysiologically high potassium concentration (55 mM) or the physiological excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate (100 microM). Both depolarizing stimuli exerted prompt increases in the release of preloaded [3H]GABA as well as in [Ca++]i. However, the basic properties of transmitter release and the increase in [Ca++]i under a variety of conditions were different during stimulation with K+ or glutamate. Potassium-evoked release of [3H]GABA consisted of two phases, a rapid, large and transient phase followed by a smaller, more persistent second phase. The rapid phase was inhibited (60%) by nocodazole which reduced the number of vesicles in the neurites by 80%. This rapid phase of the GABA release was also reduced by organic (verapamil) and inorganic (Co++) Ca++ channel blockers but was insensitive to the GABA transport inhibitor SKF 89976A. In contrast, the second phase was less sensitive to nocodazole and Ca++ channel antagonists but could be inhibited by SKF 89976A. The glutamate-induced [3H]GABA release, which was mainly mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, consisted of a single, sustained phase. This was insensitive to nocodazole, partly inhibited by verapamil and could be blocked by Co++ as well as SKF 89976A. The action of Co++ could be attributed to a block of N-methyl-D-aspartate-associated ion channels. These findings strongly suggest that the majority of the K(+)-stimulated GABA release is dependent upon vesicles whereas the glutamate induced release is non-vesicular and mediated by a depolarization-dependent reversal of the direction of high-affinity GABA transport. The basic differences in the mode of action of the two depolarizing stimuli were reflected in the properties of the increase in [Ca++]i elicited by 55 mM K+ and 100 microM glutamate, respectively. The K(+)-induced increase in [Ca++]i was reduced by both verapamil and Ca(++)-free media whereas the corresponding glutamate response was only sensitive to Ca(++)-free conditions. Exposure of the cells to nocodazole or SKF 89976A had no effect on the ability of K+ or glutamate to increase [Ca++]i. Altogether, the results clearly demonstrate that K(+)-induced transmitter release from these GABAergic neurons is vesicular in nature whereas that induced by the neurotransmitter glutamate is not.
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 8101980
SN - 0306-4522
VL - 54
SP - 1019
EP - 1034
JO - Neuroscience
JF - Neuroscience
IS - 4
ER -