Developmental and Nutritional Changes in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition Provided with n-3 Fatty Acids Improved Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food and Psychosocial Support: A Pilot Study in Tanzania

Fredrick Cyprian Mwita, George PrayGod*, Erica Sanga, Theresia Setebe, Gaudensia Joseph, Happyness Kunzi, Jayne Webster, Melissa Gladstone, Rebecca Searle, Maimuna Ahmed, Adolfine Hokororo, Suzanne Filteau, Henrik Friis, André Briend, Mette Frahm Olsen

*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelForskningpeer review

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Abstract

Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) are at high risk of impaired development. Contributing causes include the inadequate intake of specific nutrients such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a lack of adequate stimulation. We conducted a pilot study assessing developmental and nutritional changes in children with SAM provided with a modified ready-to-use therapeutic food and context-specific psychosocial intervention in Mwanza, Tanzania. We recruited 82 children with SAM (6–36 months) and 88 sex- and age-matched non-malnourished children. We measured child development, using the Malawi Development Assessment Tool (MDAT), measures of family and maternal care for children, and whole-blood PUFA levels. At baseline, the mean total MDAT z-score of children with SAM was lower than non-malnourished children; −2.37 (95% confidence interval: −2.92; −1.82), as were their total n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels. After 8 weeks of intervention, MDAT z-scores improved in all domains, especially fine motor, among children with SAM. Total n-3 and EPA levels increased, total n-6 fatty acids decreased, and DHA remained unchanged. Family and maternal care also improved. The suggested benefits of the combined interventions on the developmental and nutritional status of children with SAM will be tested in a future trial.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer692
TidsskriftNutrients
Vol/bind16
Udgave nummer5
Antal sider14
ISSN2072-6643
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2024

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
This research was funded by the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC), the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), the Medical Research Council (MRC) and Wellcome Grant reference: MR/T003731/1 and F.C.M. was supported by a fellowship funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) (CSA2020E-3135) using UK Aid from the UK Government to support global health research, as part of the EDCTP2 Programme supported by the European Union, and the UK Medical Research Council (MRC), grant reference: MR/T003731/1.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.

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