Drug utilization and health policy

Brian Godman, Hye Young Kwon, Marion Bennie, Anna Birna Almarsdóttir

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Abstract

Pharmaceutical policy is a complex arena that works at various levels (cross-national, national, regional and local) and through various actors. It can be defined as the conscious attempt by public officials to achieve certain objectives through a set of laws, rules, procedures and incentives.
The chosen policy options will depend on the income level of the country implementing them, the method of financing health care and the agreed objectives.
The costs of pharmaceuticals can be controlled in a number of ways, including formal pricing and reimbursement systems, profit controls, patient copayments, devolution of budgets to physician groups and generic substitution.
Health care organizations, including governments, can potentially instigate multiple measures to enhance the rational use of medicines. These can be collated under the 4Es: education, engineering, economics and enforcement.
Rational guidance within pharmaceutical policymaking can only be achieved when policymakers and researchers come together and learn from one another or when initiatives exert their influence in other countries (cross-country learning).
OriginalsprogEngelsk
TitelDrug Utilization Research : Methods and Applications
Antal sider7
ForlagWiley
Publikationsdato8 apr. 2016
Sider203-209
Kapitel19
ISBN (Trykt)9781118949788
ISBN (Elektronisk) 9781118949740
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 8 apr. 2016

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