Effect of fecal microbiota transplantation combined with Mediterranean diet on insulin sensitivity in subjects with metabolic syndrome

Annefleur M Koopen, Eduardo L. Almeida, Ilias Attaye, Julia J Witjes, Elena Rampanelli, Soumia Majait, Marleen Kemper, Johannes H M Levels, Alinda W M Schimmel, Hilde Herrema, Torsten P M Scheithauer, Werner Frei, Lars Ove Dragsted, Bolette Hartmann, Jens Juul Holst, Paul W O’Toole, Albert K Groen, Max Nieuwdorp*

*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelForskningpeer review

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Abstract

Background: Recent studies demonstrate that a Mediterranean diet has beneficial metabolic effects in metabolic syndrome subjects. Since we have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from lean donors exerts beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, in the present trial, we investigated the potential synergistic effects on insulin sensitivity of combining a Mediterranean diet with donor FMT in subjects with metabolic syndrome. 

Design: Twenty-four male subjects with metabolic syndrome were put on a Mediterranean diet and after a 2-week run-in phase, the subjects were randomized to either lean donor (n = 12) or autologous (n = 12) FMT. Changes in the gut microbiota composition and bacterial strain engraftment after the 2-week dietary regimens and 6 weeks post-FMT were the primary endpoints. The secondary objectives were changes in glucose fluxes (both hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity), postprandial plasma incretin (GLP-1) levels, subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammation, and plasma metabolites. 

Results: Consumption of the Mediterranean diet resulted in a reduction in body weight, HOMA-IR, and lipid levels. However, no large synergistic effects of combining the diet with lean donor FMT were seen on the gut microbiota diversity after 6 weeks. Although we did observe changes in specific bacterial species and plasma metabolites, no significant beneficial effects on glucose fluxes, postprandial incretins, or subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammation were detected. 

Conclusions: In this small pilot randomized controlled trial, no synergistic beneficial metabolic effects of combining a Mediterranean diet with lean donor FMT on glucose metabolism were achieved. However, we observed engraftment of specific bacterial species. Future trials are warranted to test the combination of other microbial interventions and diets in metabolic syndrome.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer662159
TidsskriftFrontiers in Microbiology
Vol/bind12
Antal sider15
ISSN1664-302X
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2021

Bibliografisk note

CURIS 2021 NEXS 237

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