Flavor characterization of animal hydrolysates and potential of glucosamine in flavor modulation

Kathrine H. Bak*, Sandra S. Waehrens, Yu Fu, Ching Yue Chow, Mikael A. Petersen, Jorge Ruiz-Carrascal, Wender L.P. Bredie, René Lametsch*

*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelForskningpeer review

6 Citationer (Scopus)
30 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Bovine (meat and heart) and porcine (hemoglobin and plasma) raw materials were hydrolyzed by Protease A (both endo-and exopeptidase activity), with or without glucosamine added during the enzyme inactivation step. Hydrolysates were characterized via peptide analysis (yield, UVand fluorescence scanning spectroscopy, and peptide size distribution via size exclusion chromatography), sensory evaluation, and volatile compound analysis via gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine if glucosamine-induced Maillard reaction improved taste and flavor. Porcine hemoglobin produced the most flavor-neutral hydrolysate, and could expectedly have the broadest application in food products. Both bovine meat and-heart hydrolysates were high in umami, and thereby good candidates for savory applications. Porcine plasma hydrolysate was high in liver flavor and would be suitable for addition to certain meat products where liver flavor is desirable. All hydrolysates had low perceived bitterness. Glucosamine-induced Maillard reaction had just a minor influence on the sensory profile via an increased perception of sweet taste (p = 0.038), umami taste (p = 0.042), and yolk flavor (p = 0.038) in the hydrolysates, irrespective of raw material. Glucosamine addition had a statistically significant effect on 13 of 69 volatiles detected in the hydrolysates, but the effect was minor and raw material-specific.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer3008
TidsskriftFoods
Vol/bind10
Udgave nummer12
Antal sider12
ISSN2304-8158
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2021

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© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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