TY - JOUR
T1 - Metagenomic analysis of rapid gravity sand filter microbial communities suggests novel physiology of Nitrospira spp
AU - Palomo, Alejandro
AU - Jane Fowler, S
AU - Gülay, Arda
AU - Rasmussen, Simon
AU - Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas
AU - Smets, Barth F
PY - 2016/11
Y1 - 2016/11
N2 - Rapid gravity sand filtration is a drinking water production technology widely used around the world. Microbially catalyzed processes dominate the oxidative transformation of ammonia, reduced manganese and iron, methane and hydrogen sulfide, which may all be present at millimolar concentrations when groundwater is the source water. In this study, six metagenomes from various locations within a groundwater-fed rapid sand filter (RSF) were analyzed. The community gene catalog contained most genes of the nitrogen cycle, with particular abundance in genes of the nitrification pathway. Genes involved in different carbon fixation pathways were also abundant, with the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway most abundant, consistent with an observed Nitrospira dominance. From the metagenomic data set, 14 near-complete genomes were reconstructed and functionally characterized. On the basis of their genetic content, a metabolic and geochemical model was proposed. The organisms represented by draft genomes had the capability to oxidize ammonium, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, methane, potentially iron and manganese as well as to assimilate organic compounds. A composite Nitrospira genome was recovered, and amo-containing Nitrospira genome contigs were identified. This finding, together with the high Nitrospira abundance, and the abundance of atypical amo and hao genes, suggests the potential for complete ammonium oxidation by Nitrospira, and a major role of Nitrospira in the investigated RSFs and potentially other nitrifying environments.
AB - Rapid gravity sand filtration is a drinking water production technology widely used around the world. Microbially catalyzed processes dominate the oxidative transformation of ammonia, reduced manganese and iron, methane and hydrogen sulfide, which may all be present at millimolar concentrations when groundwater is the source water. In this study, six metagenomes from various locations within a groundwater-fed rapid sand filter (RSF) were analyzed. The community gene catalog contained most genes of the nitrogen cycle, with particular abundance in genes of the nitrification pathway. Genes involved in different carbon fixation pathways were also abundant, with the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway most abundant, consistent with an observed Nitrospira dominance. From the metagenomic data set, 14 near-complete genomes were reconstructed and functionally characterized. On the basis of their genetic content, a metabolic and geochemical model was proposed. The organisms represented by draft genomes had the capability to oxidize ammonium, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, methane, potentially iron and manganese as well as to assimilate organic compounds. A composite Nitrospira genome was recovered, and amo-containing Nitrospira genome contigs were identified. This finding, together with the high Nitrospira abundance, and the abundance of atypical amo and hao genes, suggests the potential for complete ammonium oxidation by Nitrospira, and a major role of Nitrospira in the investigated RSFs and potentially other nitrifying environments.
KW - Ammonia/metabolism
KW - Ammonium Compounds/metabolism
KW - Bacteria/classification
KW - Bacterial Proteins/genetics
KW - Filtration
KW - Gravitation
KW - Groundwater/chemistry
KW - Iron/metabolism
KW - Manganese/metabolism
KW - Metagenomics
KW - Methane/metabolism
KW - Nitrites/metabolism
KW - Oxidation-Reduction
KW - Silicon Dioxide/chemistry
U2 - 10.1038/ismej.2016.63
DO - 10.1038/ismej.2016.63
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 27128989
VL - 10
SP - 2569
EP - 2581
JO - I S M E Journal
JF - I S M E Journal
SN - 1751-7362
IS - 11
ER -