Modification of extracellular matrix proteins by oxidants and electrophiles

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftReviewForskningpeer review

1 Citationer (Scopus)
5 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical to biological architecture and determines cellular properties, function and activity. In many situations it is highly abundant, with collagens and elastin being some of the most abundant proteins in mammals. The ECM comprises of multiple different protein species and sugar polymers, with both different isoforms and post-translational modifications (PTMs) providing a large variety of microenvironments that play a key role in determining tissue structure and health. A number of the PTMs (e.g. cross-links) present in the ECM are critical to integrity and function, whereas others are deleterious to both ECM structure and associated cells. Modifications induced by reactive oxidants and electrophiles have been reported to accumulate in some ECM with increasing age. This accumulation can be exacerbated by disease, and in particular those associated with acute or chronic inflammation, obesity and diabetes. This is likely to be due to higher fluxes of modifying agents in these conditions. In this focused review, the role and effects of oxidants and other electrophiles on ECM are discussed, with a particular focus on the artery wall and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Modifications generated on ECM components are reviewed, together with the effects of these species on cellular properties including adhesion, proliferation, migration, viability, metabolic activity, gene expression and phenotype. Increasing data indicates that ECM modifications are both prevalent in human and mammalian tissues and play an important role in disease development and progression.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftBiochemical Society Transactions
Vol/bind52
Udgave nummer3
Sider (fra-til)1199-1217
ISSN0300-5127
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2024

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to the Novo Nordisk Foundation for financial support (grant NNF20SA0064214 to M.J.D.)

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Portland Press Ltd. All rights reserved.

Citationsformater