Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter

M. Aehle; J. Alme; C. Arata; I. Arsene; I. Bearden; T. Bodova; V. Borshchov; O. Bourrion; M. Bregant; A. van den Brink; V. Buchakchiev; A. Buhl; T. Chujo; L. Dufke; V. Eikeland; M. Fasel; N. Gauger; A. Gautam; A. Ghimouz; Y. Goto; R. Guernane; T. Hachiya; H. Hassan; L. He; H. Helstrup; L. Huhta; M. Inaba; T. Inukai; T. Isidori; F. Jonas; T. Kawaguchi; R. Keidel; M. H. Kim; V. Kozhuharov; T. Kumaoka; L. Kusch; C. Loizides; Y. Melikyan; Y. Miake; N. Minafra; J. Nystrand; N. Novitzky; T. Økland; K. Oyama; H. Park; J. Park; I. Pascal; T. Peitzmann; M. Protsenko; S. S. Räsänen; F. Rarbi; M. Rauch; A. Rehman; M. Richter; D. Röhrich; K. Røed; A. Rusu; H. Rytkönen; S. Sakai; K. Sato; A. Schilling; S. Shimizu; M. Shimomura; R. Simeonov; E. Solheim; T. Sugitate; G. Tambave; D. Tapia Takaki; D. Tourres; I. Tymchuk; J. Yi; Z. Yin; K. Ullaland; S. Yang; T. Yokoo; D. Zhou; S. Zillien

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/P07006

Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter

M. Aehle, J. Alme, C. Arata, I. Arsene, I. Bearden, T. Bodova, V. Borshchov, O. Bourrion, M. Bregant, A. van den Brink, V. Buchakchiev, A. Buhl, T. Chujo^*, L. Dufke, V. Eikeland, M. Fasel, N. Gauger, A. Gautam, A. Ghimouz, Y. GotoR. Guernane, T. Hachiya, H. Hassan, L. He, H. Helstrup, L. Huhta, M. Inaba, T. Inukai, T. Isidori, F. Jonas, T. Kawaguchi, R. Keidel, M. H. Kim, V. Kozhuharov, T. Kumaoka, L. Kusch, C. Loizides, Y. Melikyan, Y. Miake, N. Minafra, J. Nystrand, N. Novitzky, T. Økland, K. Oyama, H. Park, J. Park, I. Pascal, T. Peitzmann, M. Protsenko, S. S. Räsänen, F. Rarbi, M. Rauch, A. Rehman, M. Richter, D. Röhrich, K. Røed, A. Rusu, H. Rytkönen, S. Sakai, K. Sato, A. Schilling, S. Shimizu, M. Shimomura, R. Simeonov, E. Solheim, T. Sugitate, G. Tambave, D. Tapia Takaki, D. Tourres, I. Tymchuk, J. Yi, Z. Yin, K. Ullaland, S. Yang, T. Yokoo, D. Zhou, S. Zillien

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Eksperimentel subatomar fysik

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

2 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

We present the performance of a full-length prototype of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter (FoCal). The detector is composed of a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic sampling calorimeter with longitudinal and transverse segmentation (FoCal-E) of about 20X0 and a hadronic copper-scintillating-fiber calorimeter (FoCal-H) of about 5λint. The data were taken in various test beam campaigns between 2021 and 2023 at the CERN PS and SPS beam lines with hadron beams up to energies of 350 GeV, and electron beams up to 300 GeV. Regarding FoCal-E, we report a comprehensive analysis of its response to minimum ionizing particles across all pad layers, employing various operational modes including different pre-amplifier and bias voltage settings. The longitudinal shower profile of electromagnetic showers is measured with a layer-wise segmentation of 1X0. As a projection to the performance of the final detector in electromagnetic showers, we demonstrate linearity in the full energy range, and show that the energy resolution fulfills the requirements for the physics needs. Additionally, the performance to separate two-showers events was studied by quantifying the transverse shower width. Regarding FoCal-H, we report a detailed analysis of the response to hadron beams between 60 and 350 GeV. The results are compared to simulations obtained with a Geant4 model of the test beam setup, which in particular for FoCal-E are in good agreement with the data. The energy resolution of FoCal-E was found to be lower than 3% at energies larger than 100 GeV. The response of FoCal-H to hadron beams was found to be linear, albeit with a significant intercept that is about factor 2 larger than in simulations. Its resolution, which is non-Gaussian and generally larger than in simulations, was quantified using the FWHM, and decreases from about 16% at 100 GeV to about 11% at 350 GeV. The discrepancy to simulations, which is particularly evident at low hadron energies, needs to be further investigated.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	P07006
Tidsskrift	Journal of Instrumentation
Vol/bind	19
Udgave nummer	7
Antal sider	59
ISSN	1748-0221
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/P07006
Status	Udgivet - 5 jul. 2024

Bibliografisk note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s)

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10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/P07006Licens: CC BY

FulltextForlagets udgivne version, 19,4 MBLicens: CC BY

Citationsformater

Aehle, M., Alme, J., Arata, C., Arsene, I., Bearden, I., Bodova, T., Borshchov, V., Bourrion, O., Bregant, M., van den Brink, A., Buchakchiev, V., Buhl, A., Chujo, T., Dufke, L., Eikeland, V., Fasel, M., Gauger, N., Gautam, A., Ghimouz, A., ... Zillien, S. (2024). Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter. Journal of Instrumentation, 19(7), [P07006]. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/P07006

Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter. / Aehle, M.; Alme, J.; Arata, C.; Arsene, I.; Bearden, I.; Bodova, T.; Borshchov, V.; Bourrion, O.; Bregant, M.; van den Brink, A.; Buchakchiev, V.; Buhl, A.; Chujo, T.; Dufke, L.; Eikeland, V.; Fasel, M.; Gauger, N.; Gautam, A.; Ghimouz, A.; Goto, Y.; Guernane, R.; Hachiya, T.; Hassan, H.; He, L.; Helstrup, H.; Huhta, L.; Inaba, M.; Inukai, T.; Isidori, T.; Jonas, F.; Kawaguchi, T.; Keidel, R.; Kim, M. H.; Kozhuharov, V.; Kumaoka, T.; Kusch, L.; Loizides, C.; Melikyan, Y.; Miake, Y.; Minafra, N.; Nystrand, J.; Novitzky, N.; Økland, T.; Oyama, K.; Park, H.; Park, J.; Pascal, I.; Peitzmann, T.; Protsenko, M.; Räsänen, S. S.; Rarbi, F.; Rauch, M.; Rehman, A.; Richter, M.; Röhrich, D.; Røed, K.; Rusu, A.; Rytkönen, H.; Sakai, S.; Sato, K.; Schilling, A.; Shimizu, S.; Shimomura, M.; Simeonov, R.; Solheim, E.; Sugitate, T.; Tambave, G.; Tapia Takaki, D.; Tourres, D.; Tymchuk, I.; Yi, J.; Yin, Z.; Ullaland, K.; Yang, S.; Yokoo, T.; Zhou, D.; Zillien, S.

I: Journal of Instrumentation, Bind 19, Nr. 7, P07006, 05.07.2024.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

Aehle, M, Alme, J, Arata, C, Arsene, I, Bearden, I, Bodova, T, Borshchov, V, Bourrion, O, Bregant, M, van den Brink, A, Buchakchiev, V, Buhl, A, Chujo, T, Dufke, L, Eikeland, V, Fasel, M, Gauger, N, Gautam, A, Ghimouz, A, Goto, Y, Guernane, R, Hachiya, T, Hassan, H, He, L, Helstrup, H, Huhta, L, Inaba, M, Inukai, T, Isidori, T, Jonas, F, Kawaguchi, T, Keidel, R, Kim, MH, Kozhuharov, V, Kumaoka, T, Kusch, L, Loizides, C, Melikyan, Y, Miake, Y, Minafra, N, Nystrand, J, Novitzky, N, Økland, T, Oyama, K, Park, H, Park, J, Pascal, I, Peitzmann, T, Protsenko, M, Räsänen, SS, Rarbi, F, Rauch, M, Rehman, A, Richter, M, Röhrich, D, Røed, K, Rusu, A, Rytkönen, H, Sakai, S, Sato, K, Schilling, A, Shimizu, S, Shimomura, M, Simeonov, R, Solheim, E, Sugitate, T, Tambave, G, Tapia Takaki, D, Tourres, D, Tymchuk, I, Yi, J, Yin, Z, Ullaland, K, Yang, S, Yokoo, T, Zhou, D & Zillien, S 2024, 'Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter', Journal of Instrumentation, bind 19, nr. 7, P07006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/P07006

Aehle, M. ; Alme, J. ; Arata, C. ; Arsene, I. ; Bearden, I. ; Bodova, T. ; Borshchov, V. ; Bourrion, O. ; Bregant, M. ; van den Brink, A. ; Buchakchiev, V. ; Buhl, A. ; Chujo, T. ; Dufke, L. ; Eikeland, V. ; Fasel, M. ; Gauger, N. ; Gautam, A. ; Ghimouz, A. ; Goto, Y. ; Guernane, R. ; Hachiya, T. ; Hassan, H. ; He, L. ; Helstrup, H. ; Huhta, L. ; Inaba, M. ; Inukai, T. ; Isidori, T. ; Jonas, F. ; Kawaguchi, T. ; Keidel, R. ; Kim, M. H. ; Kozhuharov, V. ; Kumaoka, T. ; Kusch, L. ; Loizides, C. ; Melikyan, Y. ; Miake, Y. ; Minafra, N. ; Nystrand, J. ; Novitzky, N. ; Økland, T. ; Oyama, K. ; Park, H. ; Park, J. ; Pascal, I. ; Peitzmann, T. ; Protsenko, M. ; Räsänen, S. S. ; Rarbi, F. ; Rauch, M. ; Rehman, A. ; Richter, M. ; Röhrich, D. ; Røed, K. ; Rusu, A. ; Rytkönen, H. ; Sakai, S. ; Sato, K. ; Schilling, A. ; Shimizu, S. ; Shimomura, M. ; Simeonov, R. ; Solheim, E. ; Sugitate, T. ; Tambave, G. ; Tapia Takaki, D. ; Tourres, D. ; Tymchuk, I. ; Yi, J. ; Yin, Z. ; Ullaland, K. ; Yang, S. ; Yokoo, T. ; Zhou, D. ; Zillien, S. / Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter. I: Journal of Instrumentation. 2024 ; Bind 19, Nr. 7.

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title = "Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter",

abstract = "We present the performance of a full-length prototype of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter (FoCal). The detector is composed of a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic sampling calorimeter with longitudinal and transverse segmentation (FoCal-E) of about 20X 0 and a hadronic copper-scintillating-fiber calorimeter (FoCal-H) of about 5λ int. The data were taken in various test beam campaigns between 2021 and 2023 at the CERN PS and SPS beam lines with hadron beams up to energies of 350 GeV, and electron beams up to 300 GeV. Regarding FoCal-E, we report a comprehensive analysis of its response to minimum ionizing particles across all pad layers, employing various operational modes including different pre-amplifier and bias voltage settings. The longitudinal shower profile of electromagnetic showers is measured with a layer-wise segmentation of 1X 0. As a projection to the performance of the final detector in electromagnetic showers, we demonstrate linearity in the full energy range, and show that the energy resolution fulfills the requirements for the physics needs. Additionally, the performance to separate two-showers events was studied by quantifying the transverse shower width. Regarding FoCal-H, we report a detailed analysis of the response to hadron beams between 60 and 350 GeV. The results are compared to simulations obtained with a Geant4 model of the test beam setup, which in particular for FoCal-E are in good agreement with the data. The energy resolution of FoCal-E was found to be lower than 3% at energies larger than 100 GeV. The response of FoCal-H to hadron beams was found to be linear, albeit with a significant intercept that is about factor 2 larger than in simulations. Its resolution, which is non-Gaussian and generally larger than in simulations, was quantified using the FWHM, and decreases from about 16% at 100 GeV to about 11% at 350 GeV. The discrepancy to simulations, which is particularly evident at low hadron energies, needs to be further investigated.",

keywords = "Calorimeter methods, Calorimeters",

author = "M. Aehle and J. Alme and C. Arata and I. Arsene and I. Bearden and T. Bodova and V. Borshchov and O. Bourrion and M. Bregant and {van den Brink}, A. and V. Buchakchiev and A. Buhl and T. Chujo and L. Dufke and V. Eikeland and M. Fasel and N. Gauger and A. Gautam and A. Ghimouz and Y. Goto and R. Guernane and T. Hachiya and H. Hassan and L. He and H. Helstrup and L. Huhta and M. Inaba and T. Inukai and T. Isidori and F. Jonas and T. Kawaguchi and R. Keidel and Kim, {M. H.} and V. Kozhuharov and T. Kumaoka and L. Kusch and C. Loizides and Y. Melikyan and Y. Miake and N. Minafra and J. Nystrand and N. Novitzky and T. {\O}kland and K. Oyama and H. Park and J. Park and I. Pascal and T. Peitzmann and M. Protsenko and R{\"a}s{\"a}nen, {S. S.} and F. Rarbi and M. Rauch and A. Rehman and M. Richter and D. R{\"o}hrich and K. R{\o}ed and A. Rusu and H. Rytk{\"o}nen and S. Sakai and K. Sato and A. Schilling and S. Shimizu and M. Shimomura and R. Simeonov and E. Solheim and T. Sugitate and G. Tambave and {Tapia Takaki}, D. and D. Tourres and I. Tymchuk and J. Yi and Z. Yin and K. Ullaland and S. Yang and T. Yokoo and D. Zhou and S. Zillien",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s)",

year = "2024",

month = jul,

day = "5",

doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/P07006",

language = "English",

volume = "19",

journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",

issn = "1748-0221",

publisher = "Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd",

number = "7",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Performance of the electromagnetic and hadronic prototype segments of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter

AU - Aehle, M.

AU - Alme, J.

AU - Arata, C.

AU - Arsene, I.

AU - Bearden, I.

AU - Bodova, T.

AU - Borshchov, V.

AU - Bourrion, O.

AU - Bregant, M.

AU - van den Brink, A.

AU - Buchakchiev, V.

AU - Buhl, A.

AU - Chujo, T.

AU - Dufke, L.

AU - Eikeland, V.

AU - Fasel, M.

AU - Gauger, N.

AU - Gautam, A.

AU - Ghimouz, A.

AU - Goto, Y.

AU - Guernane, R.

AU - Hachiya, T.

AU - Hassan, H.

AU - He, L.

AU - Helstrup, H.

AU - Huhta, L.

AU - Inaba, M.

AU - Inukai, T.

AU - Isidori, T.

AU - Jonas, F.

AU - Kawaguchi, T.

AU - Keidel, R.

AU - Kim, M. H.

AU - Kozhuharov, V.

AU - Kumaoka, T.

AU - Kusch, L.

AU - Loizides, C.

AU - Melikyan, Y.

AU - Miake, Y.

AU - Minafra, N.

AU - Nystrand, J.

AU - Novitzky, N.

AU - Økland, T.

AU - Oyama, K.

AU - Park, H.

AU - Park, J.

AU - Pascal, I.

AU - Peitzmann, T.

AU - Protsenko, M.

AU - Räsänen, S. S.

AU - Rarbi, F.

AU - Rauch, M.

AU - Rehman, A.

AU - Richter, M.

AU - Röhrich, D.

AU - Røed, K.

AU - Rusu, A.

AU - Rytkönen, H.

AU - Sakai, S.

AU - Sato, K.

AU - Schilling, A.

AU - Shimizu, S.

AU - Shimomura, M.

AU - Simeonov, R.

AU - Solheim, E.

AU - Sugitate, T.

AU - Tambave, G.

AU - Tapia Takaki, D.

AU - Tourres, D.

AU - Tymchuk, I.

AU - Yi, J.

AU - Yin, Z.

AU - Ullaland, K.

AU - Yang, S.

AU - Yokoo, T.

AU - Zhou, D.

AU - Zillien, S.

PY - 2024/7/5

Y1 - 2024/7/5

N2 - We present the performance of a full-length prototype of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter (FoCal). The detector is composed of a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic sampling calorimeter with longitudinal and transverse segmentation (FoCal-E) of about 20X 0 and a hadronic copper-scintillating-fiber calorimeter (FoCal-H) of about 5λ int. The data were taken in various test beam campaigns between 2021 and 2023 at the CERN PS and SPS beam lines with hadron beams up to energies of 350 GeV, and electron beams up to 300 GeV. Regarding FoCal-E, we report a comprehensive analysis of its response to minimum ionizing particles across all pad layers, employing various operational modes including different pre-amplifier and bias voltage settings. The longitudinal shower profile of electromagnetic showers is measured with a layer-wise segmentation of 1X 0. As a projection to the performance of the final detector in electromagnetic showers, we demonstrate linearity in the full energy range, and show that the energy resolution fulfills the requirements for the physics needs. Additionally, the performance to separate two-showers events was studied by quantifying the transverse shower width. Regarding FoCal-H, we report a detailed analysis of the response to hadron beams between 60 and 350 GeV. The results are compared to simulations obtained with a Geant4 model of the test beam setup, which in particular for FoCal-E are in good agreement with the data. The energy resolution of FoCal-E was found to be lower than 3% at energies larger than 100 GeV. The response of FoCal-H to hadron beams was found to be linear, albeit with a significant intercept that is about factor 2 larger than in simulations. Its resolution, which is non-Gaussian and generally larger than in simulations, was quantified using the FWHM, and decreases from about 16% at 100 GeV to about 11% at 350 GeV. The discrepancy to simulations, which is particularly evident at low hadron energies, needs to be further investigated.

AB - We present the performance of a full-length prototype of the ALICE Forward Calorimeter (FoCal). The detector is composed of a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic sampling calorimeter with longitudinal and transverse segmentation (FoCal-E) of about 20X 0 and a hadronic copper-scintillating-fiber calorimeter (FoCal-H) of about 5λ int. The data were taken in various test beam campaigns between 2021 and 2023 at the CERN PS and SPS beam lines with hadron beams up to energies of 350 GeV, and electron beams up to 300 GeV. Regarding FoCal-E, we report a comprehensive analysis of its response to minimum ionizing particles across all pad layers, employing various operational modes including different pre-amplifier and bias voltage settings. The longitudinal shower profile of electromagnetic showers is measured with a layer-wise segmentation of 1X 0. As a projection to the performance of the final detector in electromagnetic showers, we demonstrate linearity in the full energy range, and show that the energy resolution fulfills the requirements for the physics needs. Additionally, the performance to separate two-showers events was studied by quantifying the transverse shower width. Regarding FoCal-H, we report a detailed analysis of the response to hadron beams between 60 and 350 GeV. The results are compared to simulations obtained with a Geant4 model of the test beam setup, which in particular for FoCal-E are in good agreement with the data. The energy resolution of FoCal-E was found to be lower than 3% at energies larger than 100 GeV. The response of FoCal-H to hadron beams was found to be linear, albeit with a significant intercept that is about factor 2 larger than in simulations. Its resolution, which is non-Gaussian and generally larger than in simulations, was quantified using the FWHM, and decreases from about 16% at 100 GeV to about 11% at 350 GeV. The discrepancy to simulations, which is particularly evident at low hadron energies, needs to be further investigated.

KW - Calorimeter methods

KW - Calorimeters

U2 - 10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/P07006

DO - 10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/P07006

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85198037279

VL - 19

JO - Journal of Instrumentation

JF - Journal of Instrumentation

SN - 1748-0221

IS - 7

M1 - P07006

ER -