TY - JOUR
T1 - Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Recruits the Positive Transcription Elongation Factor b Complex to Activate Transcription and Promote Adipogenesis
AU - Iankova, Irena
AU - Petersen, Rasmus K.
AU - Annicotte, Jean-Sébastien
AU - Chavey, Carine
AU - Hansen, Jacob B.
AU - Kratchmarova, Irina
AU - Sarruf, David
AU - Benkirane, Monsef
AU - Kristiansen, Karsten
AU - Fajas, Lluis
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, facilitating transcriptional elongation. In addition to its participation in general transcription, P-TEFb is recruited to specific promoters by some transcription factors such as c-Myc or MyoD. The P-TEFb complex is composed of a cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk9) subunit and a regulatory partner (cyclin T1, cyclin T2, or cyclin K). Because cdk9 has been shown to participate in differentiation processes, such as muscle cell differentiation, we studied a possible role of cdk9 in adipogenesis. In this study we show that the expression of the cdk9 p55 isoform is highly regulated during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation at RNA and protein levels. Furthermore, cdk9, as well as cyclin T1 and cyclin T2, shows differences in nuclear localization at distinct stages of adipogenesis. Overexpression of cdk9 increases the adipogenic potential of 3T3-L1 cells, whereas inhibition of cdk9 by specific cdk inhibitors, and dominant-negative cdk9 mutant impairs adipogenesis. We show that the positive effects of cdk9 on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells are mediated by a direct interaction with and phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), which is the master regulator of this process, on the promoter of PPAR target genes. PPAR-cdk9 interaction results in increased transcriptional activity of PPAR and therefore increased adipogenesis.
AB - Positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, facilitating transcriptional elongation. In addition to its participation in general transcription, P-TEFb is recruited to specific promoters by some transcription factors such as c-Myc or MyoD. The P-TEFb complex is composed of a cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk9) subunit and a regulatory partner (cyclin T1, cyclin T2, or cyclin K). Because cdk9 has been shown to participate in differentiation processes, such as muscle cell differentiation, we studied a possible role of cdk9 in adipogenesis. In this study we show that the expression of the cdk9 p55 isoform is highly regulated during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation at RNA and protein levels. Furthermore, cdk9, as well as cyclin T1 and cyclin T2, shows differences in nuclear localization at distinct stages of adipogenesis. Overexpression of cdk9 increases the adipogenic potential of 3T3-L1 cells, whereas inhibition of cdk9 by specific cdk inhibitors, and dominant-negative cdk9 mutant impairs adipogenesis. We show that the positive effects of cdk9 on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells are mediated by a direct interaction with and phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), which is the master regulator of this process, on the promoter of PPAR target genes. PPAR-cdk9 interaction results in increased transcriptional activity of PPAR and therefore increased adipogenesis.
U2 - 10.1210/me.2005-0222
DO - 10.1210/me.2005-0222
M3 - Journal article
SN - 0888-8809
VL - 20
SP - 1494
EP - 1505
JO - Molecular Endocrinology
JF - Molecular Endocrinology
IS - 7
ER -