TY - JOUR
T1 - Recent avian H5N1 viruses exhibit increased propensity for acquiring human receptor specificity
AU - Stevens, James
AU - Blixt, Ola
AU - Chen, Li-Mei
AU - Donis, Ruben O
AU - Paulson, James C
AU - Wilson, Ian A
N1 - Keywords: Animals; Birds; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; Humans; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Insects; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Phylogeny; Polysaccharides; Protein Structure, Secondary; Receptors, Virus; Virus Diseases
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Adaptation of avian influenza viruses for replication and transmission in the human host is believed to require mutations in the hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HA) which enable binding to human alpha2-6 sialosides and concomitant reduction in affinity for avian alpha2-3 linked sialosides. Here, we show by glycan microarray analyses that the two mutations responsible for such specificity changes in 1957 H2N2 and 1968 H3N2 pandemic viruses, when inserted into recombinant HAs or intact viruses of some recent avian H5N1 isolates (clade 2.2), impart such attributes. This propensity to adapt to human receptors is primarily dependent on arginine at position 193 within the receptor-binding site, as well as loss of a vicinal glycosylation site. Widespread occurrence of these susceptible H5N1 clade 2.2 influenza strains has already occurred in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Thus, these avian strains should be considered high-risk, because of their significantly lower threshold for acquiring human receptor specificity and, therefore, warrant increased surveillance and further study.
AB - Adaptation of avian influenza viruses for replication and transmission in the human host is believed to require mutations in the hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HA) which enable binding to human alpha2-6 sialosides and concomitant reduction in affinity for avian alpha2-3 linked sialosides. Here, we show by glycan microarray analyses that the two mutations responsible for such specificity changes in 1957 H2N2 and 1968 H3N2 pandemic viruses, when inserted into recombinant HAs or intact viruses of some recent avian H5N1 isolates (clade 2.2), impart such attributes. This propensity to adapt to human receptors is primarily dependent on arginine at position 193 within the receptor-binding site, as well as loss of a vicinal glycosylation site. Widespread occurrence of these susceptible H5N1 clade 2.2 influenza strains has already occurred in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Thus, these avian strains should be considered high-risk, because of their significantly lower threshold for acquiring human receptor specificity and, therefore, warrant increased surveillance and further study.
U2 - 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.04.016
DO - 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.04.016
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 18672252
VL - 381
SP - 1382
EP - 1394
JO - Journal of Molecular Biology
JF - Journal of Molecular Biology
SN - 0022-2836
IS - 5
ER -