TY - JOUR
T1 - Reduction in Synovitis Following Genicular Artery Embolization in Knee Osteoarthritis
T2 - A Prospective Ultrasound and MRI Study
AU - Hindsø, Louise
AU - Hölmich, Per
AU - Petersen, Michael M.
AU - Xu, Jack J.
AU - Heerwagen, Søren
AU - Nielsen, Michael B.
AU - Riis, Robert G.C.
AU - Hansen, Adam E.
AU - Terslev, Lene
AU - Taudorf, Mikkel
AU - Lönn, Lars
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Background/Objectives: Genicular artery embolization (GAE) has demonstrated potential as a treatment for knee osteoarthritis by targeting inflammation and pain, although current evidence remains limited. This study used imaging biomarkers to objectively assess synovitis and possible ischemic complications following GAE. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center trial including participants with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis. Ultrasound, contrast-enhanced (CE), and non-CE-MRI were performed two days before and one and six months after GAE. Ultrasound biomarkers included synovial hypertrophy, effusion, and Doppler activity. A combined effusion-synovitis score was assessed on non-CE-MRI, while CE-MRI allowed differentiation between synovium and effusion and was used to calculate whole-joint and local synovitis scores. The post-GAE MRIs were reviewed for ischemic complications. Results: Seventeen participants (aged 43–71) were treated. Significant reductions were observed in ultrasound-assessed synovial hypertrophy and Doppler activity, as well as in CE-MRI local and whole-joint synovitis scores. While reductions in effusion were noted in both ultrasound and MRI, these changes did not reach statistical significance. At one month, MRI revealed three cases of nonspecific osteonecrosis-like areas, which resolved completely by six months. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a reduction in synovitis and no permanent ischemic complication following GAE in knee osteoarthritis. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy and safety of the procedure.
AB - Background/Objectives: Genicular artery embolization (GAE) has demonstrated potential as a treatment for knee osteoarthritis by targeting inflammation and pain, although current evidence remains limited. This study used imaging biomarkers to objectively assess synovitis and possible ischemic complications following GAE. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center trial including participants with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis. Ultrasound, contrast-enhanced (CE), and non-CE-MRI were performed two days before and one and six months after GAE. Ultrasound biomarkers included synovial hypertrophy, effusion, and Doppler activity. A combined effusion-synovitis score was assessed on non-CE-MRI, while CE-MRI allowed differentiation between synovium and effusion and was used to calculate whole-joint and local synovitis scores. The post-GAE MRIs were reviewed for ischemic complications. Results: Seventeen participants (aged 43–71) were treated. Significant reductions were observed in ultrasound-assessed synovial hypertrophy and Doppler activity, as well as in CE-MRI local and whole-joint synovitis scores. While reductions in effusion were noted in both ultrasound and MRI, these changes did not reach statistical significance. At one month, MRI revealed three cases of nonspecific osteonecrosis-like areas, which resolved completely by six months. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a reduction in synovitis and no permanent ischemic complication following GAE in knee osteoarthritis. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy and safety of the procedure.
KW - inflammation
KW - knee osteoarthritis
KW - magnetic resonance imaging
KW - trans-arterial embolization
KW - ultrasound
U2 - 10.3390/diagnostics14222564
DO - 10.3390/diagnostics14222564
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 39594229
AN - SCOPUS:85210572463
VL - 14
JO - Diagnostics
JF - Diagnostics
SN - 2075-4418
IS - 22
M1 - 2564
ER -