Relapsed / Refractory International Prognostic Index (R/R-IPI): An international prognostic calculator for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Matthew J. Maurer*, Lasse H. Jakobsen, Raphael Mwangi, Norbert Schmitz, Umar Farooq, Cristopher R. Flowers, Peter de Nully Brown, Carrie A. Thompson, Henrik Frederiksen, David Cunningham, Judit Jørgensen, Viola Poeschel, Grzegorz Nowakowski, John F. Seymour, Francesco Merli, Corinne Haioun, Hervé Ghesquieres, Marita Ziepert, Hervé Tilly, Gilles SallesQian Shi, Tarec C. El-Galaly, Thomas M. Habermann

*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelForskningpeer review

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Abstract

Disease progression after frontline therapy for Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a clinically significant event. Patients who experience early progression or have refractory disease have especially poor outcomes. Simple, clinically applicable prognostic tools are needed for selecting patients for consideration for novel therapies and prognostication in the relapsed/refractory (R/R) setting. Model building was performed in patients from the Surrogate endpoints in aggressive lymphoma (SEAL) consortium with disease progression after frontline immunochemotherapy. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) measured from date of progression. Validation was performed in the University of Iowa/Mayo Clinic SPORE Molecular Epidemiology Resource (MER) and Danish National Lymphoma Register (LYFO) cohorts. Model performance was assessed using time-dependent concordance indices (c-statistic) and calibration with metrics evaluated at 2 years from progression. Note, 1234 of 5112 patients treated with frontline immunochemotherapy in the SEAL consortium developed progressive disease. Time to progression on immunochemotherapy and age at progression were strongly associated with post-progression OS (both p < 0.001). A prognostic model was developed incorporating spline fit for both variables. The model had good concordance in the discovery (0.67) and validation sets (LYFO c = 0.64, MER c = 0.68) with generally good calibration. Time to progression on frontline therapy is strongly associated with post-progression OS in DLBCL. We developed and validated a simple to apply clinical prognostic tool in the R/R setting. The useful prediction of expected outcomes in R/R DLBCL and can inform treatment decisions such as considerations for CAR-T therapy as well as trial designs. The model is available in smartphone-based point of care applications.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftAmerican Journal of Hematology
Vol/bind96
Udgave nummer5
Sider (fra-til)599-605
Antal sider7
ISSN0361-8609
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2021

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health [University of Iowa/Mayo Clinic SPORE P50CA097274, Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes 1U01CA195568].

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

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