Abstract
Climate change poses challenges to the global agricultural systems. The threat is more significant for small-scale farmers who constitute 40% of global and 29% of Indonesian farmers, playing a pivotal role in rural economies. Understanding how small-scale farmers adapt to climate change is crucial for developing targeted policy interventions because there is no “one size fits all” policy. This paper explores perceptions and driving forces of adaptation responses to climate change among small-scale farmers in Indonesia, while putting emphasis on the role of perceptions and socioeconomic factors at a local level. Employing both qualitative and quantitative research methods, the study analyzed perceptions and adaptation strategies among farmers in six districts representing Indonesia's varied climate patterns: Mentawai, West Tanjung Jabung, West Kotawaringin, Buton, Sikka, and Fakfak. The qualitative method involved in-depth interviews with 125 farmers to understand how climate variability, socioeconomic conditions, knowledge levels, technological resources, and institutional capabilities influence adaptation strategies such as crop diversification, land maintenance, and livelihood diversification. The quantitative method employed logistic regression to identify the driving factors behind these adaptation decisions. The findings reveal significant variations in climate change perceptions across different climatic regions, highlighting the considerable influence of gender, access to government support, and access to information on climate change adaptation strategies. Gender positively influences land management practices, where males are more likely to perform land maintenance activities compared to females. Government support and information access positively affect crop diversification, land management practices, and livelihood diversification. These insights suggest important policy implications for enhancing climate change adaptation strategies within communities which include region-specific climate adaptation plans, climate education programs, enhancing climate information accuracy and accessibility, gender-sensitive climate adaptation policies, and support for livelihood diversification.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | 124593 |
| Tidsskrift | Journal of Environmental Management |
| Vol/bind | 377 |
| Antal sider | 11 |
| ISSN | 0301-4797 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2025 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Venticia Hukom reports financial support was provided by International Development Research Centre. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.This study was conducted by Kaleka and funded by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Oak Foundation through the \u201CA New Subnational Alliance for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation\u201D project under Think Climate Indonesia. It involved the invaluable contributions of local civil society organizations across six districts in Indonesia during the data collection process. These organizations, collectively incorporated as Kolibri Alliance, have a common goal of helping small-scale farmers who face challenges caused by climate change. They include: Yayasan Citra Mandiri Mentawai (YCMM) in Mentawai District, West Sumatra; Oil Palm Farmers Union (SPKS) in West Tanjung Jabung District, Jambi Province; Indigenous Peoples Alliance of The Archipelago (AMAN) in West Kotawaringin, Central Kalimantan; The Indonesian Forum for the Environment (WALHI) in Buton District, Southeast Sulawesi; Wahana Tani Mandiri (WTM) in Sikka District, East Nusa Tenggara; and Kaleka. During the preparation of this work the author(s) used Grammarly AI and Chat GPT in order to improve readability, check consistency and coherence. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.
Funding Information:
This study was conducted by Kaleka and supported by a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) through the \u201CA New Subnational Alliance for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation\u201D project and involved the invaluable contributions of local civil society organizations across six districts in Indonesia during the data collection process. These organizations, collectively incorporated as Kolibri Alliance, have a common goal of helping small-scale farmers that face challenges caused by climate change. They include: Yayasan Citra Mandiri Mentawai (YCMM) in Mentawai District, West Sumatra; Oil Palm Farmers Union (SPKS) in West Tanjung Jabung District, Jambi Province; Indigenous Peoples Alliance of The Archipelago (AMAN) in West Kotawaringin, Central Kalimantan; The Indonesian Forum for the Environment (WALHI) in Buton District, Southeast Sulawesi; Wahana Tani Mandiri (WTM) in Sikka District, East Nusa Tenggara; and Kaleka.
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