Role of plant species and soil phosphorus concentrations in determining phosphorus: nutrient stoichiometry in leaves and fine roots

Aims: Terrestrial plants require relative stable stoichiometry of elements for their growth. The effects of plant species and soil phosphorus (P) concentration on P:nutrient stoichiometry in plant remains still unknown. Methods: Soil and plant samples were collected from 88 sites in a P-rich area of a subtropical portion of China to examine the linkage of soil P concentration with the concentrations and stoichiometry of 12 nutrient elements (C, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Zn, Mn and Na) for different plant species. Results: Soil rich in P increased the concentrations of S, P, K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Al, and Na in the plants, but induced a strong antagonism to Zn. Meanwhile, the concentrations of C and N in the leaf was restrained when the plants grew in soil under high P concentration. Clustering analysis showed that plant species were categorized according to soil P concentration into P > 2 mg g⁻¹ and P < 2 mg g⁻¹ groups. However, insignificant dissimilarity among plant species was noticed. Conclusions: The stoichiometry of P:nutrient in the plant organs was strongly affected by soil P concentrations and this could reflect soil nutrient status over plant species. Therefore, the difference in soil P concentration is a major driver triggering the variation in elemental stoichiometry.