Simultaneous screening and quantification of 29 drugs of abuse in oral fluid by solid-phase extraction and ultraperformance LC-MS/MS

Nora Badawi; Kirsten Wiese Simonsen; Anni Steentoft; Inger Marie Bernhoft; Kristian Linnet

doi:10.1373/clinchem.2008.122341

Simultaneous screening and quantification of 29 drugs of abuse in oral fluid by solid-phase extraction and ultraperformance LC-MS/MS

Nora Badawi, Kirsten Wiese Simonsen, Anni Steentoft, Inger Marie Bernhoft, Kristian Linnet

Afdeling for Retskemi

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

101 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Nov

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Clinical Chemistry
Vol/bind	55
Udgave nummer	11
Sider (fra-til)	2004-18
Antal sider	14
ISSN	0009-9147
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2008.122341
Status	Udgivet - 2009

Bibliografisk note

Keywords: Analgesics, Opioid; Benzodiazepines; Chromatography, Liquid; Cocaine; Humans; Saliva; Sensitivity and Specificity; Solid Phase Extraction; Substance Abuse Detection; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tetrahydrocannabinol

Adgang til dokumentet

10.1373/clinchem.2008.122341

Citationsformater

@article{972c2700b1be11df825b000ea68e967b,

title = "Simultaneous screening and quantification of 29 drugs of abuse in oral fluid by solid-phase extraction and ultraperformance LC-MS/MS",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: The European DRUID (Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol And Medicines) project calls for analysis of oral fluid (OF) samples, collected randomly and anonymously at the roadside from drivers in Denmark throughout 2008-2009. To analyze these samples we developed an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for detection of 29 drugs and illicit compounds in OF. The drugs detected were opioids, amphetamines, cocaine, benzodiazepines, and Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Method: Solid-phase extraction was performed with a Gilson ASPEC XL4 system equipped with Bond Elut Certify sample cartridges. OF samples (200 mg) diluted with 5 mL of ammonium acetate/methanol (vol/vol 90:10) buffer were applied to the columns and eluted with 3 mL of acetonitrile with aqueous ammonium hydroxide. Target drugs were quantified by use of a Waters ACQUITY UPLC system coupled to a Waters Quattro Premier XE triple quadrupole (positive electrospray ionization mode, multiple reaction monitoring mode). RESULTS: Extraction recoveries were 36%-114% for all analytes, including Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and benzoylecgonine. The lower limit of quantification was 0.5 mug/kg for all analytes. Total imprecision (CV) was 5.9%-19.4%. With the use of deuterated internal standards for most compounds, the performance of the method was not influenced by matrix effects. A preliminary account of OF samples collected at the roadside showed the presence of amphetamine, cocaine, codeine, Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, tramadol, and zopiclone. CONCLUSIONS: The UPLC-MS/MS method makes it possible to detect all 29 analytes in 1 chromatographic run (15 min), including Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and benzoylecgonine, which previously have been difficult to incorporate into multicomponent methods.",

author = "Nora Badawi and Simonsen, {Kirsten Wiese} and Anni Steentoft and Bernhoft, {Inger Marie} and Kristian Linnet",

note = "Keywords: Analgesics, Opioid; Benzodiazepines; Chromatography, Liquid; Cocaine; Humans; Saliva; Sensitivity and Specificity; Solid Phase Extraction; Substance Abuse Detection; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tetrahydrocannabinol",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1373/clinchem.2008.122341",

language = "English",

volume = "55",

pages = "2004--18",

journal = "Clinical Chemistry",

issn = "0009-9147",

publisher = "American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.",

number = "11",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Simultaneous screening and quantification of 29 drugs of abuse in oral fluid by solid-phase extraction and ultraperformance LC-MS/MS

AU - Badawi, Nora

AU - Simonsen, Kirsten Wiese

AU - Steentoft, Anni

AU - Bernhoft, Inger Marie

AU - Linnet, Kristian

N1 - Keywords: Analgesics, Opioid; Benzodiazepines; Chromatography, Liquid; Cocaine; Humans; Saliva; Sensitivity and Specificity; Solid Phase Extraction; Substance Abuse Detection; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tetrahydrocannabinol

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - BACKGROUND: The European DRUID (Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol And Medicines) project calls for analysis of oral fluid (OF) samples, collected randomly and anonymously at the roadside from drivers in Denmark throughout 2008-2009. To analyze these samples we developed an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for detection of 29 drugs and illicit compounds in OF. The drugs detected were opioids, amphetamines, cocaine, benzodiazepines, and Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Method: Solid-phase extraction was performed with a Gilson ASPEC XL4 system equipped with Bond Elut Certify sample cartridges. OF samples (200 mg) diluted with 5 mL of ammonium acetate/methanol (vol/vol 90:10) buffer were applied to the columns and eluted with 3 mL of acetonitrile with aqueous ammonium hydroxide. Target drugs were quantified by use of a Waters ACQUITY UPLC system coupled to a Waters Quattro Premier XE triple quadrupole (positive electrospray ionization mode, multiple reaction monitoring mode). RESULTS: Extraction recoveries were 36%-114% for all analytes, including Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and benzoylecgonine. The lower limit of quantification was 0.5 mug/kg for all analytes. Total imprecision (CV) was 5.9%-19.4%. With the use of deuterated internal standards for most compounds, the performance of the method was not influenced by matrix effects. A preliminary account of OF samples collected at the roadside showed the presence of amphetamine, cocaine, codeine, Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, tramadol, and zopiclone. CONCLUSIONS: The UPLC-MS/MS method makes it possible to detect all 29 analytes in 1 chromatographic run (15 min), including Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and benzoylecgonine, which previously have been difficult to incorporate into multicomponent methods.

AB - BACKGROUND: The European DRUID (Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol And Medicines) project calls for analysis of oral fluid (OF) samples, collected randomly and anonymously at the roadside from drivers in Denmark throughout 2008-2009. To analyze these samples we developed an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for detection of 29 drugs and illicit compounds in OF. The drugs detected were opioids, amphetamines, cocaine, benzodiazepines, and Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Method: Solid-phase extraction was performed with a Gilson ASPEC XL4 system equipped with Bond Elut Certify sample cartridges. OF samples (200 mg) diluted with 5 mL of ammonium acetate/methanol (vol/vol 90:10) buffer were applied to the columns and eluted with 3 mL of acetonitrile with aqueous ammonium hydroxide. Target drugs were quantified by use of a Waters ACQUITY UPLC system coupled to a Waters Quattro Premier XE triple quadrupole (positive electrospray ionization mode, multiple reaction monitoring mode). RESULTS: Extraction recoveries were 36%-114% for all analytes, including Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and benzoylecgonine. The lower limit of quantification was 0.5 mug/kg for all analytes. Total imprecision (CV) was 5.9%-19.4%. With the use of deuterated internal standards for most compounds, the performance of the method was not influenced by matrix effects. A preliminary account of OF samples collected at the roadside showed the presence of amphetamine, cocaine, codeine, Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, tramadol, and zopiclone. CONCLUSIONS: The UPLC-MS/MS method makes it possible to detect all 29 analytes in 1 chromatographic run (15 min), including Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and benzoylecgonine, which previously have been difficult to incorporate into multicomponent methods.

U2 - 10.1373/clinchem.2008.122341

DO - 10.1373/clinchem.2008.122341

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 19797719

SN - 0009-9147

VL - 55

SP - 2004

EP - 2018

JO - Clinical Chemistry

JF - Clinical Chemistry

IS - 11

ER -