The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products star

G. Gilmore; S. Randich; C. C. Worley; A. Hourihane; A. Gonneau; G. G. Sacco; J. R. Lewis; L. Magrini; P. Francois; R. D. Jeffries; S. E. Koposov; A. Bragaglia; E. J. Alfaro; C. Allende Prieto; R. Blomme; A. J. Korn; A. C. Lanzafame; E. Pancino; A. Recio-Blanco; R. Smiljanic; S. Van Eck; T. Zwitter; T. Bensby; E. Flaccomio; M. J. Irwin; E. Franciosini; L. Morbidelli; F. Damiani; R. Bonito; E. D. Friel; J. S. Vink; L. Prisinzano; U. Abbas; D. Hatzidimitriou; R. J. Jackson; M. Asplund; P. Bonifacio; J. Binney; Negueruela; A. Vallenari; L. Sbordone; V. Adibekyan; S. Daflon; J. Gonzalez Hernandez; A. Herrero; A. Lobel; D. Montes; T. Morel; G. Ruchti; C. Soubiran; H. M. Tabernero; G. Tautvaisiene; G. Traven; M. Valentini; M. Van der Swaelmen; S. Villanova; C. Viscasillas Vazquez; A. Bayo; K. Biazzo; G. Carraro; B. Edvardsson; U. Heiter; P. Jofre; G. Marconi; C. Martayan; T. Masseron; L. Monaco; N. A. Walton; S. Zaggia; V. Aguirre Borsen-Koch; J. Alves; L. Balaguer-Nunez; P. S. Barklem; D. Barrado; M. Bellazzini; S. R. Berlanas; A. S. Binks; A. Bressan; R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta; L. Casagrande; L. Casamiquela; R. S. Collins; Gabriella D'Orazi; M. L. L. Dantas; V. P. Debattista; O. Gerhard; H. Jonsson; L. Mahy; Minchev; A. Mucciarelli; Maria Bergemann; S. Ortolani; F. Paletou

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243134

The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products star

G. Gilmore^*
, S. Randich
, C. C. Worley
, A. Hourihane
, A. Gonneau
, G. G. Sacco
, J. R. Lewis
, L. Magrini
, P. Francois
, R. D. Jeffries
, S. E. Koposov
, A. Bragaglia
, E. J. Alfaro
, C. Allende Prieto
, R. Blomme
, A. J. Korn
, A. C. Lanzafame
, E. Pancino
, A. Recio-Blanco
, R. Smiljanic

S. Van Eck, T. Zwitter, T. Bensby, E. Flaccomio, M. J. Irwin, E. Franciosini, L. Morbidelli, F. Damiani, R. Bonito, E. D. Friel, J. S. Vink, L. Prisinzano, U. Abbas, D. Hatzidimitriou, R. J. Jackson, M. Asplund, P. Bonifacio, J. Binney, Negueruela, A. Vallenari, L. Sbordone, V. Adibekyan, S. Daflon, J. Gonzalez Hernandez, A. Herrero, A. Lobel, D. Montes, T. Morel, G. Ruchti, C. Soubiran, H. M. Tabernero, G. Tautvaisiene, G. Traven, M. Valentini, M. Van der Swaelmen, S. Villanova, C. Viscasillas Vazquez, A. Bayo, K. Biazzo, G. Carraro, B. Edvardsson, U. Heiter, P. Jofre, G. Marconi, C. Martayan, T. Masseron, L. Monaco, N. A. Walton, S. Zaggia, V. Aguirre Borsen-Koch, J. Alves, L. Balaguer-Nunez, P. S. Barklem, D. Barrado, M. Bellazzini, S. R. Berlanas, A. S. Binks, A. Bressan, R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta, L. Casagrande, L. Casamiquela, R. S. Collins, Gabriella D'Orazi, M. L. L. Dantas, V. P. Debattista, O. Gerhard, H. Jonsson, L. Mahy, Minchev, A. Mucciarelli, Maria Bergemann, S. Ortolani, F. Paletou

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Niels Bohr Internationale Akademi

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

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Abstract

Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, extending across a very wide range of abundances and ages. This provides a legacy data set of intrinsic value, and equally a large wide-ranging dataset that is of value for the homogenisation of other and future stellar surveys and Gaia's astrophysical parameters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey methodology, the scientific aims, and the implementation, including a description of the data processing for the GIRAFFE spectra. A companion paper introduces the survey results. Methods. Gaia-ESO aspires to quantify both random and systematic contributions to measurement uncertainties. Thus, all available spectroscopic analysis techniques are utilised, each spectrum being analysed by up to several different analysis pipelines, with considerable effort being made to homogenise and calibrate the resulting parameters. We describe here the sequence of activities up to delivery of processed data products to the ESO Science Archive Facility for open use. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey obtained 202 000 spectra of 115 000 stars using 340 allocated VLT nights between December 2011 and January 2018 from GIRAFFE and UVES. Conclusions. The full consistently reduced final data set of spectra was released through the ESO Science Archive Facility in late 2020, with the full astrophysical parameters sets following in 2022. A companion article reviews the survey implementation, scientific highlights, the open cluster survey, and data products.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	A120
Tidsskrift	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Vol/bind	666
Antal sider	36
ISSN	0004-6361
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243134
Status	Udgivet - 18 okt. 2022

Finansiering

Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme ID 188.B-3002. These data products have been processed by the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit (CASU) at the Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, and by the FLAMES/UVES reduction team at INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri. Public access to the data products is via the ESO SAF, and the Gaia-ESO Survey Data Archive, prepared and hosted by the Wide Field Astronomy Unit, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, which is funded by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This work was partly supported by the European Union FP7 programme through ERC grant number 320360 and by the Leverhulme Trust through grant RPG-2012-541. We acknowledge the support from INAF and Ministero dell' Istruzione, dell' Universita' e della Ricerca (MIUR) in the form of the grant "Premiale VLT 2012". The project presented here benefited in development from discussions held during the Gaia-ESO workshops and conferences supported by the ESF (European Science Foundation) through the GREAT Research Network Programme. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. R.S. acknowledges support from the National Science Centre, Poland (2014/15/B/ST9/03981). This work was partly supported by the INAF grant for mainstream projects: "Enhancing the legacy of the Gaia-ESO Survey for open cluster science". F.J.E. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish MINECO/FEDER through the grant AYA2017-84089 and MDM-2017-0737 at Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA), Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement no. 824064 through the ESCAPE -the European Science Cluster of Astronomy and Particle Physics ESFRI Research Infrastructures project. T.B. was funded by the "The New Milky Way" project grant from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. S.R.B. acknowledges support by the Spanish Government under grants AYA2015-68012-C2-2-P and PGC2018-093741-B-C21/C22 (MICIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). W.J.S. acknowledges CAPES for a PhD studentship. J.M.A. acknowledges support from the Spanish Government Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion through grants AYA2013-40611-P, AYA2016-75931-C2-2-P, and PGC2018-095049-B-C22. T.M. and others from STAR institute, Liege, Belgium are grateful to Belgian F.R.S.-FNRS for support, and are also indebted for an ESA/PRODEX Belspo contract related to the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium and for support through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Actions financed by the Federation Wallonie-Brussels.. This research has been partially supported by the following grants: MIUR Premiale "Gaia-ESO survey" (PI S. Randich), MIUR Premiale "MiTiC: Mining the Cosmos" (PI B. Garilli), the ASI-INAF contract 2014-049-R.O: "Realizzazione attivita tecniche/scientifiche presso ASDC" (PI Angelo Antonelli), Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze, progetto: "Know the star, know the planet" (PI E. Pancino), and Progetto Main Stream INAF: "Chemodynamics of globular clusters: the Gaia revolution" (PI E. Pancino). V.A. acknowledges the support from Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) through Investigador FCT contract nr. IF/00650/2015/CP1273/CT0001. A.J.K. acknowledges support by the Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA). A.B. acknowledges support by ANID, -Millennium Science Initiative Program NCN19_171, and FONDECYT regular 1190748. E.M.

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Gilmore, G., Randich, S., Worley, C. C., Hourihane, A., Gonneau, A., Sacco, G. G., Lewis, J. R., Magrini, L., Francois, P., Jeffries, R. D., Koposov, S. E., Bragaglia, A., Alfaro, E. J., Allende Prieto, C., Blomme, R., Korn, A. J., Lanzafame, A. C., Pancino, E., Recio-Blanco, A., ... Paletou, F. (2022). The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products star. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 666, Artikel A120. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243134

Gilmore, G, Randich, S, Worley, CC, Hourihane, A, Gonneau, A, Sacco, GG, Lewis, JR, Magrini, L, Francois, P, Jeffries, RD, Koposov, SE, Bragaglia, A, Alfaro, EJ, Allende Prieto, C, Blomme, R, Korn, AJ, Lanzafame, AC, Pancino, E, Recio-Blanco, A, Smiljanic, R, Van Eck, S, Zwitter, T, Bensby, T, Flaccomio, E, Irwin, MJ, Franciosini, E, Morbidelli, L, Damiani, F, Bonito, R, Friel, ED, Vink, JS, Prisinzano, L, Abbas, U, Hatzidimitriou, D, Jackson, RJ, Asplund, M, Bonifacio, P, Binney, J, Negueruela, Vallenari, A, Sbordone, L, Adibekyan, V, Daflon, S, Gonzalez Hernandez, J, Herrero, A, Lobel, A, Montes, D, Morel, T, Ruchti, G, Soubiran, C, Tabernero, HM, Tautvaisiene, G, Traven, G, Valentini, M, Van der Swaelmen, M, Villanova, S, Vazquez, CV, Bayo, A, Biazzo, K, Carraro, G, Edvardsson, B, Heiter, U, Jofre, P, Marconi, G, Martayan, C, Masseron, T, Monaco, L, Walton, NA, Zaggia, S, Borsen-Koch, VA, Alves, J, Balaguer-Nunez, L, Barklem, PS, Barrado, D, Bellazzini, M, Berlanas, SR, Binks, AS, Bressan, A, Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R, Casagrande, L, Casamiquela, L, Collins, RS, D'Orazi, G, Dantas, MLL, Debattista, VP, Gerhard, O, Jonsson, H, Mahy, L, Minchev, Mucciarelli, A, Bergemann, M, Ortolani, S & Paletou, F 2022, 'The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products star', Astronomy & Astrophysics, bind 666, A120. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243134

@article{5fb54e4208f64ae6ac09e83093cd830f,

title = "The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products star",

abstract = "Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, extending across a very wide range of abundances and ages. This provides a legacy data set of intrinsic value, and equally a large wide-ranging dataset that is of value for the homogenisation of other and future stellar surveys and Gaia's astrophysical parameters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey methodology, the scientific aims, and the implementation, including a description of the data processing for the GIRAFFE spectra. A companion paper introduces the survey results. Methods. Gaia-ESO aspires to quantify both random and systematic contributions to measurement uncertainties. Thus, all available spectroscopic analysis techniques are utilised, each spectrum being analysed by up to several different analysis pipelines, with considerable effort being made to homogenise and calibrate the resulting parameters. We describe here the sequence of activities up to delivery of processed data products to the ESO Science Archive Facility for open use. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey obtained 202 000 spectra of 115 000 stars using 340 allocated VLT nights between December 2011 and January 2018 from GIRAFFE and UVES. Conclusions. The full consistently reduced final data set of spectra was released through the ESO Science Archive Facility in late 2020, with the full astrophysical parameters sets following in 2022. A companion article reviews the survey implementation, scientific highlights, the open cluster survey, and data products.",

keywords = "Galaxy, stellar content, kinematics and dynamics, stars, abundances, methods, observational, techniques, spectroscopic, surveys, FGK BENCHMARK STARS, BLANKETED MODEL ATMOSPHERES, DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY, CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION, EQUIVALENT WIDTHS, STELLAR SPECTRA, NLTE-MODELS, BLUE STARS, EVOLUTION, CALIBRATION",

author = "G. Gilmore and S. Randich and Worley, \{C. C.\} and A. Hourihane and A. Gonneau and Sacco, \{G. G.\} and Lewis, \{J. R.\} and L. Magrini and P. Francois and Jeffries, \{R. D.\} and Koposov, \{S. E.\} and A. Bragaglia and Alfaro, \{E. J.\} and \{Allende Prieto\}, C. and R. Blomme and Korn, \{A. J.\} and Lanzafame, \{A. C.\} and E. Pancino and A. Recio-Blanco and R. Smiljanic and \{Van Eck\}, S. and T. Zwitter and T. Bensby and E. Flaccomio and Irwin, \{M. J.\} and E. Franciosini and L. Morbidelli and F. Damiani and R. Bonito and Friel, \{E. D.\} and Vink, \{J. S.\} and L. Prisinzano and U. Abbas and D. Hatzidimitriou and Jackson, \{R. J.\} and M. Asplund and P. Bonifacio and J. Binney and Negueruela and A. Vallenari and L. Sbordone and V. Adibekyan and S. Daflon and \{Gonzalez Hernandez\}, J. and A. Herrero and A. Lobel and D. Montes and T. Morel and G. Ruchti and C. Soubiran and Tabernero, \{H. M.\} and G. Tautvaisiene and G. Traven and M. Valentini and \{Van der Swaelmen\}, M. and S. Villanova and Vazquez, \{C. Viscasillas\} and A. Bayo and K. Biazzo and G. Carraro and B. Edvardsson and U. Heiter and P. Jofre and G. Marconi and C. Martayan and T. Masseron and L. Monaco and Walton, \{N. A.\} and S. Zaggia and Borsen-Koch, \{V. Aguirre\} and J. Alves and L. Balaguer-Nunez and Barklem, \{P. S.\} and D. Barrado and M. Bellazzini and Berlanas, \{S. R.\} and Binks, \{A. S.\} and A. Bressan and R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta and L. Casagrande and L. Casamiquela and Collins, \{R. S.\} and Gabriella D'Orazi and Dantas, \{M. L. L.\} and Debattista, \{V. P.\} and O. Gerhard and H. Jonsson and L. Mahy and Minchev and A. Mucciarelli and Maria Bergemann and S. Ortolani and F. Paletou",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

day = "18",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202243134",

language = "English",

volume = "666",

journal = "Astronomy \& Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey

T2 - Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products star

AU - Gilmore, G.

AU - Randich, S.

AU - Worley, C. C.

AU - Hourihane, A.

AU - Gonneau, A.

AU - Sacco, G. G.

AU - Lewis, J. R.

AU - Magrini, L.

AU - Francois, P.

AU - Jeffries, R. D.

AU - Koposov, S. E.

AU - Bragaglia, A.

AU - Alfaro, E. J.

AU - Allende Prieto, C.

AU - Blomme, R.

AU - Korn, A. J.

AU - Lanzafame, A. C.

AU - Pancino, E.

AU - Recio-Blanco, A.

AU - Smiljanic, R.

AU - Van Eck, S.

AU - Zwitter, T.

AU - Bensby, T.

AU - Flaccomio, E.

AU - Irwin, M. J.

AU - Franciosini, E.

AU - Morbidelli, L.

AU - Damiani, F.

AU - Bonito, R.

AU - Friel, E. D.

AU - Vink, J. S.

AU - Prisinzano, L.

AU - Abbas, U.

AU - Hatzidimitriou, D.

AU - Jackson, R. J.

AU - Asplund, M.

AU - Bonifacio, P.

AU - Binney, J.

AU - Negueruela, null

AU - Vallenari, A.

AU - Sbordone, L.

AU - Adibekyan, V.

AU - Daflon, S.

AU - Gonzalez Hernandez, J.

AU - Herrero, A.

AU - Lobel, A.

AU - Montes, D.

AU - Morel, T.

AU - Ruchti, G.

AU - Soubiran, C.

AU - Tabernero, H. M.

AU - Tautvaisiene, G.

AU - Traven, G.

AU - Valentini, M.

AU - Van der Swaelmen, M.

AU - Villanova, S.

AU - Vazquez, C. Viscasillas

AU - Bayo, A.

AU - Biazzo, K.

AU - Carraro, G.

AU - Edvardsson, B.

AU - Heiter, U.

AU - Jofre, P.

AU - Marconi, G.

AU - Martayan, C.

AU - Masseron, T.

AU - Monaco, L.

AU - Walton, N. A.

AU - Zaggia, S.

AU - Borsen-Koch, V. Aguirre

AU - Alves, J.

AU - Balaguer-Nunez, L.

AU - Barklem, P. S.

AU - Barrado, D.

AU - Bellazzini, M.

AU - Berlanas, S. R.

AU - Binks, A. S.

AU - Bressan, A.

AU - Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R.

AU - Casagrande, L.

AU - Casamiquela, L.

AU - Collins, R. S.

AU - D'Orazi, Gabriella

AU - Dantas, M. L. L.

AU - Debattista, V. P.

AU - Gerhard, O.

AU - Jonsson, H.

AU - Mahy, L.

AU - Minchev, null

AU - Mucciarelli, A.

AU - Bergemann, Maria

AU - Ortolani, S.

AU - Paletou, F.

PY - 2022/10/18

Y1 - 2022/10/18

N2 - Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, extending across a very wide range of abundances and ages. This provides a legacy data set of intrinsic value, and equally a large wide-ranging dataset that is of value for the homogenisation of other and future stellar surveys and Gaia's astrophysical parameters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey methodology, the scientific aims, and the implementation, including a description of the data processing for the GIRAFFE spectra. A companion paper introduces the survey results. Methods. Gaia-ESO aspires to quantify both random and systematic contributions to measurement uncertainties. Thus, all available spectroscopic analysis techniques are utilised, each spectrum being analysed by up to several different analysis pipelines, with considerable effort being made to homogenise and calibrate the resulting parameters. We describe here the sequence of activities up to delivery of processed data products to the ESO Science Archive Facility for open use. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey obtained 202 000 spectra of 115 000 stars using 340 allocated VLT nights between December 2011 and January 2018 from GIRAFFE and UVES. Conclusions. The full consistently reduced final data set of spectra was released through the ESO Science Archive Facility in late 2020, with the full astrophysical parameters sets following in 2022. A companion article reviews the survey implementation, scientific highlights, the open cluster survey, and data products.

AB - Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, extending across a very wide range of abundances and ages. This provides a legacy data set of intrinsic value, and equally a large wide-ranging dataset that is of value for the homogenisation of other and future stellar surveys and Gaia's astrophysical parameters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey methodology, the scientific aims, and the implementation, including a description of the data processing for the GIRAFFE spectra. A companion paper introduces the survey results. Methods. Gaia-ESO aspires to quantify both random and systematic contributions to measurement uncertainties. Thus, all available spectroscopic analysis techniques are utilised, each spectrum being analysed by up to several different analysis pipelines, with considerable effort being made to homogenise and calibrate the resulting parameters. We describe here the sequence of activities up to delivery of processed data products to the ESO Science Archive Facility for open use. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey obtained 202 000 spectra of 115 000 stars using 340 allocated VLT nights between December 2011 and January 2018 from GIRAFFE and UVES. Conclusions. The full consistently reduced final data set of spectra was released through the ESO Science Archive Facility in late 2020, with the full astrophysical parameters sets following in 2022. A companion article reviews the survey implementation, scientific highlights, the open cluster survey, and data products.

KW - Galaxy

KW - stellar content

KW - kinematics and dynamics

KW - stars

KW - abundances

KW - methods

KW - observational

KW - techniques

KW - spectroscopic

KW - surveys

KW - FGK BENCHMARK STARS

KW - BLANKETED MODEL ATMOSPHERES

KW - DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY

KW - CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION

KW - EQUIVALENT WIDTHS

KW - STELLAR SPECTRA

KW - NLTE-MODELS

KW - BLUE STARS

KW - EVOLUTION

KW - CALIBRATION

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202243134

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202243134

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 666

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

M1 - A120

ER -