The use of GIS-based support of recreational trail planning by local governments

In the last decade, multiple GIS-based planning support systems have been developed in order to improve the basis for spatial planning. Recent research has focused on problems regarding a lack of utilisation or barriers to the use of advanced GIS and GIS-based planning support systems in planning applications. This paper discusses these research findings in the context of outdoor recreational planning by local governments in Denmark. According to a national survey of municipal planners, GIS-based planning support is widely used in Denmark, but more GIS is needed and is being requested for local outdoor recreation planning. However, considerable differences exist between the ways municipalities assess their need for and use of GIS planning support. These differences are explored in more detail using a factor analysis of planning variables and uses of GIS. Three situations are described: 1) extensive network-based collaborative planning associated with extensive GIS use; 2) experienced and older planners who are laggards regarding the use of advanced GIS-based planning support; and finally, 3) an envisioned need and demand for more GIS which are mainly realised through a GIS department in the municipality. These findings contribute to the development and implementation of spatial decision support systems and planning support systems in recreation planning. Recommendations are provided regarding the future of GIS use in local government planning.