Virtual Trackballs Revisited

Knud Henriksen; Jon Sporring; Kasper Hornbæk

Virtual Trackballs Revisited

Knud Henriksen, Jon Sporring, Kasper Hornbæk

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

36 Citationer (Scopus)

6448 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Udgivelsesdato: March/April

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Vol/bind	10
Udgave nummer	2
Sider (fra-til)	206-216
ISSN	1077-2626
Status	Udgivet - 2004

Adgang til dokumentet

01260772Indsendt manuskript, 1,76 MB

http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TVCG.2004.1260772

Citationsformater

@article{0b83d4d074c511dbbee902004c4f4f50,

title = "Virtual Trackballs Revisited",

abstract = "Rotation of three-dimensional objects by a two-dimensional mouse is a typical task in computer-aided design, operation simulations, and desktop virtual reality. The most commonly used rotation technique is a virtual trackball surrounding the object and operated by the mouse pointer. This article reviews and provides a mathematical foundation for virtual trackballs. The first, but still popular, virtual trackball was described by Chen et al. [CHECK END OF SENTENCE]. We show that the virtual trackball by Chen et al. does not rotate the object along the intended great circular arc on the virtual trackball and we give a correction. Another popular virtual trackball is Shoemake's quaternion implementation [CHECK END OF SENTENCE], which we show to be a special case of the virtual trackball by Chen et al.. Shoemake extends the scope of the virtual trackball to the full screen. Unfortunately, Shoemake's virtual trackball is inhomogeneous and discontinuous with consequences for usability. Finally, we review Bell's virtual trackball [CHECK END OF SENTENCE] and discuss studies of the usability of virtual trackballs.",

author = "Knud Henriksen and Jon Sporring and Kasper Hornb{\ae}k",

year = "2004",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

pages = "206--216",

journal = "I E E E Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics",

issn = "1077-2626",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers",

number = "2",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Virtual Trackballs Revisited

AU - Henriksen, Knud

AU - Sporring, Jon

AU - Hornbæk, Kasper

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - Rotation of three-dimensional objects by a two-dimensional mouse is a typical task in computer-aided design, operation simulations, and desktop virtual reality. The most commonly used rotation technique is a virtual trackball surrounding the object and operated by the mouse pointer. This article reviews and provides a mathematical foundation for virtual trackballs. The first, but still popular, virtual trackball was described by Chen et al. [CHECK END OF SENTENCE]. We show that the virtual trackball by Chen et al. does not rotate the object along the intended great circular arc on the virtual trackball and we give a correction. Another popular virtual trackball is Shoemake's quaternion implementation [CHECK END OF SENTENCE], which we show to be a special case of the virtual trackball by Chen et al.. Shoemake extends the scope of the virtual trackball to the full screen. Unfortunately, Shoemake's virtual trackball is inhomogeneous and discontinuous with consequences for usability. Finally, we review Bell's virtual trackball [CHECK END OF SENTENCE] and discuss studies of the usability of virtual trackballs.

AB - Rotation of three-dimensional objects by a two-dimensional mouse is a typical task in computer-aided design, operation simulations, and desktop virtual reality. The most commonly used rotation technique is a virtual trackball surrounding the object and operated by the mouse pointer. This article reviews and provides a mathematical foundation for virtual trackballs. The first, but still popular, virtual trackball was described by Chen et al. [CHECK END OF SENTENCE]. We show that the virtual trackball by Chen et al. does not rotate the object along the intended great circular arc on the virtual trackball and we give a correction. Another popular virtual trackball is Shoemake's quaternion implementation [CHECK END OF SENTENCE], which we show to be a special case of the virtual trackball by Chen et al.. Shoemake extends the scope of the virtual trackball to the full screen. Unfortunately, Shoemake's virtual trackball is inhomogeneous and discontinuous with consequences for usability. Finally, we review Bell's virtual trackball [CHECK END OF SENTENCE] and discuss studies of the usability of virtual trackballs.

M3 - Journal article

VL - 10

SP - 206

EP - 216

JO - I E E E Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics

JF - I E E E Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics

SN - 1077-2626

IS - 2

ER -