TY - JOUR
T1 - 100 ancient genomes show repeated population turnovers in Neolithic Denmark
AU - Allentoft, Morten E.
AU - Sikora, Martin
AU - Fischer, Anders
AU - Sjögren, Karl-Göran
AU - Ingason, Andrés
AU - Macleod, Ruairidh
AU - Rosengren, Anders
AU - Schulz Paulsson, Bettina
AU - Jørkov, Marie Louise Schjellerup
AU - Novosolov, Maria
AU - Stenderup, Jesper
AU - Price, T. Douglas
AU - Mortensen, Morten Fischer
AU - Nielsen, Anne Birgitte
AU - Hede, Mikkel Ulfeldt
AU - Sørensen, Lasse
AU - Nielsen, Poul Otto
AU - Rasmussen, Peter
AU - Jensen, Theis Zetner Trolle
AU - Refoyo-Martínez, Alba
AU - Irving-Pease, Evan K.
AU - Barrie, William
AU - Pearson, Alice
AU - Sousa da Mota, Bárbara
AU - Demeter, Fabrice
AU - Henriksen, Rasmus A.
AU - Vimala, Tharsika
AU - McColl, Hugh
AU - Vaughn, Andrew
AU - Vinner, Lasse
AU - Renaud, Gabriel
AU - Stern, Aaron
AU - Johannsen, Niels Nørkjær
AU - Ramsøe, Abigail Daisy
AU - Schork, Andrew Joseph
AU - Ruter, Anthony
AU - Gotfredsen, Anne Birgitte
AU - Nielsen, Bjarne Henning
AU - Petersen, Erik Brinch
AU - Kannegaard, Esben
AU - Hansen, Jesper
AU - Pedersen, Kristoffer Buck
AU - Pedersen, Lisbeth
AU - Klassen, Lutz
AU - Meldgaard, Morten
AU - Johansen, Morten
AU - Uldum, Otto Christian
AU - Lotz, Per
AU - Lysdahl, Per
AU - Bangsgaard, Pernille
AU - Petersen, Peter Vang
AU - Maring, Rikke
AU - Iversen, Rune
AU - Wåhlin, Sidsel
AU - Sørensen, Søren Anker
AU - Andersen, Søren H.
AU - Jørgensen, Thomas
AU - Lynnerup, Niels
AU - Lawson, Daniel J.
AU - Rasmussen, Simon
AU - Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand
AU - Kjær, Kurt H.
AU - Durbin, Richard
AU - Nielsen, Rasmus
AU - Delaneau, Olivier
AU - Werge, Thomas
AU - Kristiansen, Kristian
AU - Willerslev, Eske
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024, The Author(s).
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Major migration events in Holocene Eurasia have been characterized genetically at broad regional scales1–4. However, insights into the population dynamics in the contact zones are hampered by a lack of ancient genomic data sampled at high spatiotemporal resolution5–7. Here, to address this, we analysed shotgun-sequenced genomes from 100 skeletons spanning 7,300 years of the Mesolithic period, Neolithic period and Early Bronze Age in Denmark and integrated these with proxies for diet (13C and 15N content), mobility (87Sr/86Sr ratio) and vegetation cover (pollen). We observe that Danish Mesolithic individuals of the Maglemose, Kongemose and Ertebølle cultures form a distinct genetic cluster related to other Western European hunter-gatherers. Despite shifts in material culture they displayed genetic homogeneity from around 10,500 to 5,900 calibrated years before present, when Neolithic farmers with Anatolian-derived ancestry arrived. Although the Neolithic transition was delayed by more than a millennium relative to Central Europe, it was very abrupt and resulted in a population turnover with limited genetic contribution from local hunter-gatherers. The succeeding Neolithic population, associated with the Funnel Beaker culture, persisted for only about 1,000 years before immigrants with eastern Steppe-derived ancestry arrived. This second and equally rapid population replacement gave rise to the Single Grave culture with an ancestry profile more similar to present-day Danes. In our multiproxy dataset, these major demographic events are manifested as parallel shifts in genotype, phenotype, diet and land use.
AB - Major migration events in Holocene Eurasia have been characterized genetically at broad regional scales1–4. However, insights into the population dynamics in the contact zones are hampered by a lack of ancient genomic data sampled at high spatiotemporal resolution5–7. Here, to address this, we analysed shotgun-sequenced genomes from 100 skeletons spanning 7,300 years of the Mesolithic period, Neolithic period and Early Bronze Age in Denmark and integrated these with proxies for diet (13C and 15N content), mobility (87Sr/86Sr ratio) and vegetation cover (pollen). We observe that Danish Mesolithic individuals of the Maglemose, Kongemose and Ertebølle cultures form a distinct genetic cluster related to other Western European hunter-gatherers. Despite shifts in material culture they displayed genetic homogeneity from around 10,500 to 5,900 calibrated years before present, when Neolithic farmers with Anatolian-derived ancestry arrived. Although the Neolithic transition was delayed by more than a millennium relative to Central Europe, it was very abrupt and resulted in a population turnover with limited genetic contribution from local hunter-gatherers. The succeeding Neolithic population, associated with the Funnel Beaker culture, persisted for only about 1,000 years before immigrants with eastern Steppe-derived ancestry arrived. This second and equally rapid population replacement gave rise to the Single Grave culture with an ancestry profile more similar to present-day Danes. In our multiproxy dataset, these major demographic events are manifested as parallel shifts in genotype, phenotype, diet and land use.
U2 - 10.1038/s41586-023-06862-3
DO - 10.1038/s41586-023-06862-3
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38200294
AN - SCOPUS:85181852344
VL - 625
SP - 329
EP - 337
JO - Nature Genetics
JF - Nature Genetics
SN - 1061-4036
IS - 7994
ER -