Biochemical modulation of blood-brain barrier permeability.

A Gjedde, C Crone

Research output: Contribution to journalReviewResearch

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Hydrophilic substrates necessary for brain function cross the capillary by facilitated diffusion. The facilitation has many features in common with enzyme-catalyzed reactions and is probably subserved by protein entities in the endothelial wall. The proteins act as receptors, recognizing substrate molecules, and as translocators, giving the molecules access to an aqueous path through the endothelium. These receptor-translocators can be saturated, and the transport is subject to competitive inhibition by substrate analogs. Thus, amino acids inhibit the transport of each other, and galactose can inhibit glucose transport in suckling rats. The proteins can be induced, as in the case of ketone transport in starvation, and repressed, as in the case of glucose transport in hyperglycemia. In rats with hyperglycemia for three weeks, the maximum glucose transport capacity of the blood-brain barrier decreased from 400 to 290 mumol/hg/min. An important result of the description is the understanding that rigid distinctions between the function of receptors, translocators, and enzymes is impossible. Understanding of the biochemical properties of facilitated diffusion may help explain a variety of symptoms in many 'inborn errors of metabolism'. This understanding has followed greater, recent insights into the general properties of the blood-brain barrier (45,46,47).
Original languageEnglish
JournalActa neuropathologica. Supplementum
Volume8
Pages (from-to)59-74
Number of pages15
ISSN0065-1435
Publication statusPublished - 1983
Externally publishedYes

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