Abstract
Both the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing globally; in the industrialized world up to 0.5% of the population are affected and around 4.2 million individuals suffer from IBD in Europe and North America combined. Successful engraftment in experimental colitis models suggests that intestinal stem cell transplantation could constitute a novel treatment strategy to re-establish mucosal barrier function in patients with severe disease. Intestinal stem cells can be grownin vitroin organoid structures, though only a fraction of the cells contained are stem cells with regenerative capabilities. Hence, techniques to enrich stem cell populations are being pursued through the development of multiple two-dimensional and three-dimensional culture protocols, as well as co-culture techniques and multiple growth medium compositions. Moreover, research in support matrices allowing for efficient clinical application is in progress.In vitroculture is accomplished by modulating the signaling pathways fundamental for the stem cell niche with a suitable culture matrix to provide additional contact-dependent stimuli and structural support. The aim of this review was to discuss medium compositions and support matrices for optimal intestinal stem cell culture, as well as potential modifications to advance clinical use in IBD.
Original language | English |
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Journal | EMBO Molecular Medicine |
Volume | 9 |
Issue number | 5 |
Pages (from-to) | 558-570 |
Number of pages | 13 |
ISSN | 1757-4676 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2017 |
Keywords
- Animals
- Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Culture Techniques/methods
- Culture Media/chemistry
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism
- Humans
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/metabolism
- Intestines/cytology
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Regeneration
- Regenerative Medicine/methods
- Signal Transduction
- Stem Cell Transplantation/methods
- Stem Cells/cytology
- Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Wnt Signaling Pathway