Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage

Angela R. Perri; Kieren J. Mitchell; Alice Mouton; Sandra Alvarez-Carretero; Ardern Hulme-Beaman; James Haile; Alexandra Jamieson; Julie Meachen; Audrey T. Lin; Blaine W. Schubert; Carly Ameen; Ekaterina E. Antipina; Pere Bover; Selina Brace; Alberto Carmagnini; Christian Carøe; Jose A. Samaniego Castruita; James C. Chatters; Keith Dobney; Mario dos Reis; Allowen Evin; Philippe Gaubert; Shyam Gopalakrishnan; Graham Gower; Holly Heiniger; Kristofer M. Helgen; Josh Kapp; Pavel A. Kosintsev; Anna Linderholm; Andrew T. Ozga; Samantha Presslee; Alexander T. Salis; Nedda F. Saremi; Colin Shew; Katherine Skerry; Dmitry E. Taranenko; Mary Thompson; Mikhail V. Sablin; Yaroslav V. Kuzmin; Matthew J. Collins; Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding; M. Thomas P. Gilbert; Anne C. Stone; Beth Shapiro; Blaire Van Valkenburgh; Robert K. Wayne; Greger Larson; Alan Cooper; Laurent A. F. Frantz

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03082-x

Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage

Angela R. Perri, Kieren J. Mitchell, Alice Mouton, Sandra Alvarez-Carretero, Ardern Hulme-Beaman, James Haile, Alexandra Jamieson, Julie Meachen, Audrey T. Lin, Blaine W. Schubert, Carly Ameen, Ekaterina E. Antipina, Pere Bover, Selina Brace, Alberto Carmagnini, Christian Carøe, Jose A. Samaniego Castruita, James C. Chatters, Keith Dobney, Mario dos ReisAllowen Evin, Philippe Gaubert, Shyam Gopalakrishnan, Graham Gower, Holly Heiniger, Kristofer M. Helgen, Josh Kapp, Pavel A. Kosintsev, Anna Linderholm, Andrew T. Ozga, Samantha Presslee, Alexander T. Salis, Nedda F. Saremi, Colin Shew, Katherine Skerry, Dmitry E. Taranenko, Mary Thompson, Mikhail V. Sablin, Yaroslav V. Kuzmin, Matthew J. Collins, Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Anne C. Stone, Beth Shapiro, Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Robert K. Wayne, Greger Larson, Alan Cooper, Laurent A. F. Frantz

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

43 Citations (Scopus)

19 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Dire wolves are considered to be one of the most common and widespread large carnivores in Pleistocene America(1), yet relatively little is known about their evolution or extinction. Here, to reconstruct the evolutionary history of dire wolves, we sequenced five genomes from sub-fossil remains dating from 13,000 to more than 50,000 years ago. Our results indicate that although they were similar morphologically to the extant grey wolf, dire wolves were a highly divergent lineage that split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago. In contrast to numerous examples of hybridization across Canidae(2,3), there is no evidence for gene flow between dire wolves and either North American grey wolves or coyotes. This suggests that dire wolves evolved in isolation from the Pleistocene ancestors of these species. Our results also support an early New World origin of dire wolves, while the ancestors of grey wolves, coyotes and dholes evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently.

Dire wolves split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago and originated in the New World isolated from the ancestors of grey wolves and coyotes, which evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently.

Original language	English
Journal	Nature
Volume	591
Pages (from-to)	87-91
ISSN	0028-0836
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03082-x
Publication status	Published - 2021

Keywords

MEGAFAUNAL EXTINCTIONS
EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
NORTH
WOLF
MAMMALIA
PHYLOGENY
CARNIVORA
ADMIXTURE
REVEALS
ORIGIN

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10.1038/s41586-020-03082-x

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Cite this

Perri, A. R., Mitchell, K. J., Mouton, A., Alvarez-Carretero, S., Hulme-Beaman, A., Haile, J., Jamieson, A., Meachen, J., Lin, A. T., Schubert, B. W., Ameen, C., Antipina, E. E., Bover, P., Brace, S., Carmagnini, A., Carøe, C., Samaniego Castruita, J. A., Chatters, J. C., Dobney, K., ... Frantz, L. A. F. (2021). Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage. Nature, 591, 87-91. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03082-x

Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage. / Perri, Angela R.; Mitchell, Kieren J.; Mouton, Alice; Alvarez-Carretero, Sandra; Hulme-Beaman, Ardern; Haile, James; Jamieson, Alexandra; Meachen, Julie; Lin, Audrey T.; Schubert, Blaine W.; Ameen, Carly; Antipina, Ekaterina E.; Bover, Pere; Brace, Selina; Carmagnini, Alberto; Carøe, Christian; Samaniego Castruita, Jose A.; Chatters, James C.; Dobney, Keith; dos Reis, Mario; Evin, Allowen; Gaubert, Philippe; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam ; Gower, Graham; Heiniger, Holly; Helgen, Kristofer M.; Kapp, Josh; Kosintsev, Pavel A.; Linderholm, Anna; Ozga, Andrew T.; Presslee, Samantha; Salis, Alexander T.; Saremi, Nedda F.; Shew, Colin; Skerry, Katherine; Taranenko, Dmitry E.; Thompson, Mary; Sablin, Mikhail V.; Kuzmin, Yaroslav V.; Collins, Matthew J.; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Stone, Anne C.; Shapiro, Beth; Van Valkenburgh, Blaire; Wayne, Robert K.; Larson, Greger; Cooper, Alan; Frantz, Laurent A. F.

In: Nature, Vol. 591, 2021, p. 87-91.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Perri, AR, Mitchell, KJ, Mouton, A, Alvarez-Carretero, S, Hulme-Beaman, A, Haile, J, Jamieson, A, Meachen, J, Lin, AT, Schubert, BW, Ameen, C, Antipina, EE, Bover, P, Brace, S, Carmagnini, A, Carøe, C, Samaniego Castruita, JA, Chatters, JC, Dobney, K, dos Reis, M, Evin, A, Gaubert, P, Gopalakrishnan, S , Gower, G, Heiniger, H, Helgen, KM, Kapp, J, Kosintsev, PA, Linderholm, A, Ozga, AT, Presslee, S, Salis, AT, Saremi, NF, Shew, C, Skerry, K, Taranenko, DE, Thompson, M, Sablin, MV, Kuzmin, YV, Collins, MJ, Sinding, M-HS, Gilbert, MTP, Stone, AC, Shapiro, B, Van Valkenburgh, B, Wayne, RK, Larson, G, Cooper, A & Frantz, LAF 2021, 'Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage', Nature, vol. 591, pp. 87-91. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03082-x

Perri, Angela R. ; Mitchell, Kieren J. ; Mouton, Alice ; Alvarez-Carretero, Sandra ; Hulme-Beaman, Ardern ; Haile, James ; Jamieson, Alexandra ; Meachen, Julie ; Lin, Audrey T. ; Schubert, Blaine W. ; Ameen, Carly ; Antipina, Ekaterina E. ; Bover, Pere ; Brace, Selina ; Carmagnini, Alberto ; Carøe, Christian ; Samaniego Castruita, Jose A. ; Chatters, James C. ; Dobney, Keith ; dos Reis, Mario ; Evin, Allowen ; Gaubert, Philippe ; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam ; Gower, Graham ; Heiniger, Holly ; Helgen, Kristofer M. ; Kapp, Josh ; Kosintsev, Pavel A. ; Linderholm, Anna ; Ozga, Andrew T. ; Presslee, Samantha ; Salis, Alexander T. ; Saremi, Nedda F. ; Shew, Colin ; Skerry, Katherine ; Taranenko, Dmitry E. ; Thompson, Mary ; Sablin, Mikhail V. ; Kuzmin, Yaroslav V. ; Collins, Matthew J. ; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S. ; Gilbert, M. Thomas P. ; Stone, Anne C. ; Shapiro, Beth ; Van Valkenburgh, Blaire ; Wayne, Robert K. ; Larson, Greger ; Cooper, Alan ; Frantz, Laurent A. F. / Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage. In: Nature. 2021 ; Vol. 591. pp. 87-91.

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abstract = "Dire wolves are considered to be one of the most common and widespread large carnivores in Pleistocene America(1), yet relatively little is known about their evolution or extinction. Here, to reconstruct the evolutionary history of dire wolves, we sequenced five genomes from sub-fossil remains dating from 13,000 to more than 50,000 years ago. Our results indicate that although they were similar morphologically to the extant grey wolf, dire wolves were a highly divergent lineage that split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago. In contrast to numerous examples of hybridization across Canidae(2,3), there is no evidence for gene flow between dire wolves and either North American grey wolves or coyotes. This suggests that dire wolves evolved in isolation from the Pleistocene ancestors of these species. Our results also support an early New World origin of dire wolves, while the ancestors of grey wolves, coyotes and dholes evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently.Dire wolves split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago and originated in the New World isolated from the ancestors of grey wolves and coyotes, which evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently.",

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AB - Dire wolves are considered to be one of the most common and widespread large carnivores in Pleistocene America(1), yet relatively little is known about their evolution or extinction. Here, to reconstruct the evolutionary history of dire wolves, we sequenced five genomes from sub-fossil remains dating from 13,000 to more than 50,000 years ago. Our results indicate that although they were similar morphologically to the extant grey wolf, dire wolves were a highly divergent lineage that split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago. In contrast to numerous examples of hybridization across Canidae(2,3), there is no evidence for gene flow between dire wolves and either North American grey wolves or coyotes. This suggests that dire wolves evolved in isolation from the Pleistocene ancestors of these species. Our results also support an early New World origin of dire wolves, while the ancestors of grey wolves, coyotes and dholes evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently.Dire wolves split from living canids around 5.7 million years ago and originated in the New World isolated from the ancestors of grey wolves and coyotes, which evolved in Eurasia and colonized North America only relatively recently.

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KW - EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY

KW - NORTH

KW - WOLF

KW - MAMMALIA

KW - PHYLOGENY

KW - CARNIVORA

KW - ADMIXTURE

KW - REVEALS

KW - ORIGIN

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DO - 10.1038/s41586-020-03082-x

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JF - Nature

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