Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity - A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial

Elke Dorenbos; Mathijs Drummen; Tanja Adam; Jesse Rijks; Bjorn Winkens; J Alfredo Martínez; Santiago Navas-Carretero; Gareth Stratton; Nils Swindell; Pauline Stouthart; Kelly Mackintosh; Melitta McNarry; Angelo Tremblay; Mikael Fogelholm; Anne Raben; Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga; Anita Vreugdenhil

doi:10.1111/ijpo.12702

Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity - A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial

Elke Dorenbos, Mathijs Drummen, Tanja Adam, Jesse Rijks, Bjorn Winkens, J Alfredo Martínez, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Gareth Stratton, Nils Swindell, Pauline Stouthart, Kelly Mackintosh, Melitta McNarry, Angelo Tremblay, Mikael Fogelholm, Anne Raben, Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga, Anita Vreugdenhil^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

11 Citations (Scopus)

59 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: Pubertal insulin resistance (IR) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus development in adolescents with overweight/obesity.

Objectives: The PREVIEW study was a randomized parallel trial assessing the change in IR, analyzed by Homeostatic Model Assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), at 2 years after randomization to a high protein vs a moderate protein diet in adolescents with overweight/obesity. It was hypothesized that a high protein/low glycaemic index diet would be superior in reducing IR compared to a medium protein/medium GI diet, in insulin resistant adolescents with overweight or obesity.

Methods: Adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR from the Netherlands, United Kingdom and Spain were randomized into a moderate protein/moderate GI (15/55/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI ≥ 56) or high protein/low GI (25/45/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI < 50) diet. Anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters, puberty, dietary intake and physical activity (PA) were measured and effects on HOMA-IR were analyzed.

Results: 126 adolescents were included in this study (13.6 ± 2.2 years, BMI z-score 3.04 ± 0.66, HOMA-IR 3.48 ± 2.28, HP n = 68, MP n = 58). At 2 years, changes in protein intake were not significantly different between timepoints or intervention groups and no effects of the intervention on IR were observed. The retention rate was 39%, while no compliance to the diets was observed.

Conclusions: The PREVIEW study observed no effect of a high protein/low GI diet on IR in adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR because of lack of feasibility, due to insufficient retention and dietary compliance after 2 years.

Original language	English
Article number	e12702
Journal	Pediatric Obesity
Volume	16
Issue number	1
Number of pages	8
ISSN	1747-7166
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12702
Publication status	Published - 2021

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Faculty of Science
Dietary protein
Glycaemic index
Glycaemic load
Physical activity
Pubertal insulin resistance

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Dorenbos et al_Pediatric Obesity_2020_Vol 16(1)_e12702Final published version, 0.98 MBLicence: CC BY-NC

Cite this

Dorenbos, E., Drummen, M., Adam, T., Rijks, J., Winkens, B., Martínez, J. A., Navas-Carretero, S., Stratton, G., Swindell, N., Stouthart, P., Mackintosh, K., McNarry, M., Tremblay, A., Fogelholm, M., Raben, A., Westerterp-Plantenga, M., & Vreugdenhil, A. (2021). Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity - A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial. Pediatric Obesity, 16(1), [e12702]. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12702

Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity - A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial. / Dorenbos, Elke; Drummen, Mathijs; Adam, Tanja; Rijks, Jesse; Winkens, Bjorn; Martínez, J Alfredo; Navas-Carretero, Santiago; Stratton, Gareth; Swindell, Nils; Stouthart, Pauline; Mackintosh, Kelly; McNarry, Melitta; Tremblay, Angelo; Fogelholm, Mikael; Raben, Anne; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet; Vreugdenhil, Anita.

In: Pediatric Obesity, Vol. 16, No. 1, e12702, 2021.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Dorenbos, E, Drummen, M, Adam, T, Rijks, J, Winkens, B, Martínez, JA, Navas-Carretero, S, Stratton, G, Swindell, N, Stouthart, P, Mackintosh, K, McNarry, M, Tremblay, A, Fogelholm, M, Raben, A, Westerterp-Plantenga, M & Vreugdenhil, A 2021, 'Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity - A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial', Pediatric Obesity, vol. 16, no. 1, e12702. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12702

Dorenbos, Elke ; Drummen, Mathijs ; Adam, Tanja ; Rijks, Jesse ; Winkens, Bjorn ; Martínez, J Alfredo ; Navas-Carretero, Santiago ; Stratton, Gareth ; Swindell, Nils ; Stouthart, Pauline ; Mackintosh, Kelly ; McNarry, Melitta ; Tremblay, Angelo ; Fogelholm, Mikael ; Raben, Anne ; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet ; Vreugdenhil, Anita. / Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity - A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial. In: Pediatric Obesity. 2021 ; Vol. 16, No. 1.

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title = "Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity - A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial",

abstract = "Background: Pubertal insulin resistance (IR) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus development in adolescents with overweight/obesity.Objectives: The PREVIEW study was a randomized parallel trial assessing the change in IR, analyzed by Homeostatic Model Assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), at 2 years after randomization to a high protein vs a moderate protein diet in adolescents with overweight/obesity. It was hypothesized that a high protein/low glycaemic index diet would be superior in reducing IR compared to a medium protein/medium GI diet, in insulin resistant adolescents with overweight or obesity.Methods: Adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR from the Netherlands, United Kingdom and Spain were randomized into a moderate protein/moderate GI (15/55/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI ≥ 56) or high protein/low GI (25/45/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI < 50) diet. Anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters, puberty, dietary intake and physical activity (PA) were measured and effects on HOMA-IR were analyzed.Results: 126 adolescents were included in this study (13.6 ± 2.2 years, BMI z-score 3.04 ± 0.66, HOMA-IR 3.48 ± 2.28, HP n = 68, MP n = 58). At 2 years, changes in protein intake were not significantly different between timepoints or intervention groups and no effects of the intervention on IR were observed. The retention rate was 39%, while no compliance to the diets was observed.Conclusions: The PREVIEW study observed no effect of a high protein/low GI diet on IR in adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR because of lack of feasibility, due to insufficient retention and dietary compliance after 2 years.",

keywords = "Faculty of Science, Dietary protein, Glycaemic index, Glycaemic load, Physical activity, Pubertal insulin resistance",

author = "Elke Dorenbos and Mathijs Drummen and Tanja Adam and Jesse Rijks and Bjorn Winkens and Mart{\'i}nez, {J Alfredo} and Santiago Navas-Carretero and Gareth Stratton and Nils Swindell and Pauline Stouthart and Kelly Mackintosh and Melitta McNarry and Angelo Tremblay and Mikael Fogelholm and Anne Raben and Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga and Anita Vreugdenhil",

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year = "2021",

doi = "10.1111/ijpo.12702",

language = "English",

volume = "16",

journal = "Pediatric obesity",

issn = "2047-6302",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity - A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial

AU - Dorenbos, Elke

AU - Drummen, Mathijs

AU - Adam, Tanja

AU - Rijks, Jesse

AU - Winkens, Bjorn

AU - Martínez, J Alfredo

AU - Navas-Carretero, Santiago

AU - Stratton, Gareth

AU - Swindell, Nils

AU - Stouthart, Pauline

AU - Mackintosh, Kelly

AU - McNarry, Melitta

AU - Tremblay, Angelo

AU - Fogelholm, Mikael

AU - Raben, Anne

AU - Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet

AU - Vreugdenhil, Anita

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Background: Pubertal insulin resistance (IR) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus development in adolescents with overweight/obesity.Objectives: The PREVIEW study was a randomized parallel trial assessing the change in IR, analyzed by Homeostatic Model Assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), at 2 years after randomization to a high protein vs a moderate protein diet in adolescents with overweight/obesity. It was hypothesized that a high protein/low glycaemic index diet would be superior in reducing IR compared to a medium protein/medium GI diet, in insulin resistant adolescents with overweight or obesity.Methods: Adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR from the Netherlands, United Kingdom and Spain were randomized into a moderate protein/moderate GI (15/55/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI ≥ 56) or high protein/low GI (25/45/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI < 50) diet. Anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters, puberty, dietary intake and physical activity (PA) were measured and effects on HOMA-IR were analyzed.Results: 126 adolescents were included in this study (13.6 ± 2.2 years, BMI z-score 3.04 ± 0.66, HOMA-IR 3.48 ± 2.28, HP n = 68, MP n = 58). At 2 years, changes in protein intake were not significantly different between timepoints or intervention groups and no effects of the intervention on IR were observed. The retention rate was 39%, while no compliance to the diets was observed.Conclusions: The PREVIEW study observed no effect of a high protein/low GI diet on IR in adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR because of lack of feasibility, due to insufficient retention and dietary compliance after 2 years.

AB - Background: Pubertal insulin resistance (IR) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus development in adolescents with overweight/obesity.Objectives: The PREVIEW study was a randomized parallel trial assessing the change in IR, analyzed by Homeostatic Model Assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), at 2 years after randomization to a high protein vs a moderate protein diet in adolescents with overweight/obesity. It was hypothesized that a high protein/low glycaemic index diet would be superior in reducing IR compared to a medium protein/medium GI diet, in insulin resistant adolescents with overweight or obesity.Methods: Adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR from the Netherlands, United Kingdom and Spain were randomized into a moderate protein/moderate GI (15/55/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI ≥ 56) or high protein/low GI (25/45/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI < 50) diet. Anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters, puberty, dietary intake and physical activity (PA) were measured and effects on HOMA-IR were analyzed.Results: 126 adolescents were included in this study (13.6 ± 2.2 years, BMI z-score 3.04 ± 0.66, HOMA-IR 3.48 ± 2.28, HP n = 68, MP n = 58). At 2 years, changes in protein intake were not significantly different between timepoints or intervention groups and no effects of the intervention on IR were observed. The retention rate was 39%, while no compliance to the diets was observed.Conclusions: The PREVIEW study observed no effect of a high protein/low GI diet on IR in adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR because of lack of feasibility, due to insufficient retention and dietary compliance after 2 years.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Dietary protein

KW - Glycaemic index

KW - Glycaemic load

KW - Physical activity

KW - Pubertal insulin resistance

U2 - 10.1111/ijpo.12702

DO - 10.1111/ijpo.12702

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 32681547

VL - 16

JO - Pediatric obesity

JF - Pediatric obesity

SN - 2047-6302

IS - 1

M1 - e12702

ER -