Effects of Dietary Fiber Supplementation on Fatty Acid Metabolism and Intestinal Microbiota Diversity in C57BL/6J Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet

This work was to assess possible impacts of novel insoluble fiber 8% bacterial cellulose (BC), soluble fiber 8% konjac glucomannan (KGM), and their mixture (4% BC/4% KGM) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota of C57BL/6J mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). HFD-fed mice receiving the dietary fibers (DFs) for 16 weeks exhibited an improvement in lipid-associated cytokines and a decrease in inflammation factors, which was associated with the improved hepatic and serum fatty acid composition. The DFs, notably the mixed BC/KGM, elevated the HFD-caused decrease in the contents of acetic acid (from 23.9 ± 0.85 to 32.2 ± 0.84 mM/g; p < 0.05), propionic acid (from 6.53 ± 0.28 to 12.8 ± 0.58 mM/g; p < 0.05), and butyric acid (from 7.73 ± 0.43 to 13.5 ± 0.47 mM/g; p < 0.05). Furthermore, the mixed BC/KGM significantly decreased the abundance of Firmicutes (from 90.4 to 67.6%) and Mucispirillum (from 4.77 to 1.58%) and dramatically increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes (from 7.83 to 25.0%) and Akkermansia (from 0.69 to 2.80%) in the gut of HFD-fed mice at the genus level. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that the multiplicity of gut microbiota was useful in sustaining colonic integrity through producing short-chain fatty acids to some extent. This finding suggests that a mixture of insoluble BC and soluble KGM has positive effects on modulation of the intestinal microecosystem in mice.