Elevated Levels of Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-10 Are Associated With Faster Lung Function Decline in People With Well-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Rebekka F Thudium, Nicoline S Arentoft, Hedda Hoel, Shoaib Afzal, Jakob H Von Stemann, Julie L Forman, Jon T Wilcke, Thomas Benfield, Marius Trøseid, Álvaro H Borges, Sisse R Ostrowski, Jørgen Vestbo, Ken M Kunisaki, Jens-ulrik S Jensen, Susanne D Nielsen

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3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background
People with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) have an increased risk of chronic lung diseases and chronic inflammation. We aimed to investigate if inflammatory markers and monocyte activation are associated with faster lung function decline in PWH.

Methods
We included 655 PWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) Study. Eligible participants were aged ≥25 years and had 2 spirometries separated by >2 years. Inflammatory markers (interleukin [IL]–1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor–α, and interferon-γ) were measured at baseline by Luminex, and soluble CD14 and soluble CD163 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using linear mixed models, we investigated whether elevated cytokine levels were associated with faster lung function decline.

Results
The majority of PWH were males (85.2%) with undetectable viral replication (95.3%). We found a faster decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) in PWH with elevated IL-1β and IL-10, with an additional decline of 10.3 mL/year (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1–18.6; P = .014) and 10.0 mL/year (95% CI, 1.8–18.2; P = .017), respectively. We found no interaction between smoking and IL-1β or IL-10 on FEV1 decline.

Conclusions
Elevated IL-1β and IL-10 were independently associated with faster lung function decline in PWH, suggesting that dysregulated systemic inflammation may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases.
Original languageEnglish
JournalThe Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume228
Issue number8
Pages (from-to)1080–1088
Number of pages9
ISSN0022-1899
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023

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