Epigenetic Regulation of Driver Genes in Testicular Tumorigenesis

Finn E. von Eyben*, Karsten Kristiansen, Daniel S. Kapp, Rong Hu, Ovidiu Preda, Francisco F. Nogales

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReviewResearchpeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)
14 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

In testicular germ cell tumor type II (TGCT), a seminoma subtype expresses an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) panel with four upregulated genes, OCT4/POU5F1, SOX17, KLF4, and MYC, and embryonal carcinoma (EC) has four upregulated genes, OCT4/POU5F1, SOX2, LIN28, and NANOG. The EC panel can reprogram cells into iPSC, and both iPSC and EC can differentiate into teratoma. This review summarizes the literature on epigenetic regulation of the genes. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as methylations of cytosines on the DNA string and methylations and acetylations of histone 3 lysines, regulate expression of these driver genes between the TGCT subtypes. In TGCT, the driver genes contribute to well-known clinical characteristics and the driver genes are also important for aggressive subtypes of many other malignancies. In conclusion, epigenetic regulation of the driver genes are important for TGCT and for oncology in general.

Original languageEnglish
Article number4148
JournalInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
Volume24
Issue number4
Number of pages28
ISSN1661-6596
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.

Keywords

  • differentiation
  • epigenetics
  • LIN28
  • NANOG
  • POU5F1
  • SOX2
  • testis cancer

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