TY - JOUR
T1 - Fortifying a meal with oyster mushroom powder beneficially affects postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1, non-esterified free fatty acids and hunger sensation in adults with impaired glucose tolerance
T2 - a double-blind randomized controlled crossover trial
AU - Dicks, Lisa
AU - Jakobs, Linda
AU - Sari, Miriam
AU - Hambitzer, Reinhard
AU - Ludwig, Norbert
AU - Simon, Marie-Christine
AU - Stehle, Peter
AU - Stoffel-Wagner, Birgit
AU - Helfrich, Hans-Peter
AU - Ahlborn, Jenny
AU - Rühl, Martin
AU - Hartmann, Bolette
AU - Holst, Jens J
AU - Ellinger, Sabine
N1 - © 2021. The Author(s).
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - PURPOSE: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a pathophysiological condition characterized by insulin resistance with known metabolic consequences such as postprandial hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. We hypothesized that fortifying a meal with mushrooms rich in β-glucans may diminish glucose and triglyceride responses by improving postprandial gastrointestinal hormone release.METHODS: In a randomized controlled crossover study, 22 subjects with IGT ingested a meal either enriched with 20 g powder (8.1 g β-glucans) of oven-dried Pleurotus ostreatus (enriched meal, EN) or without enrichment (control meal, CON). Blood was collected before and repeatedly within 4 h after the meal to determine AUC of glucose (primary outcome), insulin, triglycerides, non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFAs), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and ghrelin. Appetite sensations (hunger, satiety, fullness, and desire to eat) were assessed before and after meal consumption by visual analog scales.RESULTS: Postprandial glucose, insulin, triglycerides, GIP and ghrelin concentrations as well as the corresponding AUCs did not differ between EN and CON. NEFAs-AUC was 14% lower (P = 0.026) and GLP-1-AUC 17% higher (P = 0.001) after EN compared to CON. Appetite ratings did not differ between treatments, except for hunger (AUC 22% lower after EN vs. CON; P = 0.031).CONCLUSION: The observed immediate postprandial metabolic changes indicate that an easily manageable fortification of a single meal with powder from dried oyster mushrooms as β-glucan source may improve postprandial metabolism. If the effect is preserved long term, this measure can diminish the risk for further development of overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes in subjects with IGT.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trial Register on 09/08/2018; trial-ID: DRKS00015244.
AB - PURPOSE: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a pathophysiological condition characterized by insulin resistance with known metabolic consequences such as postprandial hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. We hypothesized that fortifying a meal with mushrooms rich in β-glucans may diminish glucose and triglyceride responses by improving postprandial gastrointestinal hormone release.METHODS: In a randomized controlled crossover study, 22 subjects with IGT ingested a meal either enriched with 20 g powder (8.1 g β-glucans) of oven-dried Pleurotus ostreatus (enriched meal, EN) or without enrichment (control meal, CON). Blood was collected before and repeatedly within 4 h after the meal to determine AUC of glucose (primary outcome), insulin, triglycerides, non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFAs), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and ghrelin. Appetite sensations (hunger, satiety, fullness, and desire to eat) were assessed before and after meal consumption by visual analog scales.RESULTS: Postprandial glucose, insulin, triglycerides, GIP and ghrelin concentrations as well as the corresponding AUCs did not differ between EN and CON. NEFAs-AUC was 14% lower (P = 0.026) and GLP-1-AUC 17% higher (P = 0.001) after EN compared to CON. Appetite ratings did not differ between treatments, except for hunger (AUC 22% lower after EN vs. CON; P = 0.031).CONCLUSION: The observed immediate postprandial metabolic changes indicate that an easily manageable fortification of a single meal with powder from dried oyster mushrooms as β-glucan source may improve postprandial metabolism. If the effect is preserved long term, this measure can diminish the risk for further development of overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes in subjects with IGT.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trial Register on 09/08/2018; trial-ID: DRKS00015244.
U2 - 10.1007/s00394-021-02674-1
DO - 10.1007/s00394-021-02674-1
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34505919
VL - 61
SP - 687
EP - 701
JO - European Journal of Nutrition
JF - European Journal of Nutrition
SN - 1436-6207
ER -