Gender Incongruence in Danish Youth (GenDa): A Protocol for a Retrospective Cohort Study of Danish Children and Adolescents Referred to a National Gender Identity Service

Background/Objectives In recent years, the national Gender Identity Service for individuals under 18 years of age in Denmark has seen a considerable increase in referrals of youngsters during puberty. Given this development, it is important to deepen our understanding of the characteristics of contemporary youngsters seeking help for gender incongruence. This understanding can serve as the foundation for improving current treatment regimens by ensuring optimal individual assessment and care. In this study, we aim to describe the sociodemographic characteristics, health profiles, and treatment trajectories in detail, as well as any changes in these characteristics, of all transgender and gender-diverse youngsters referred to the Gender Identity Service in Denmark from 2016 through 2022. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of a national cohort comprising all individuals under 18 years of age referred to the Danish Gender Identity Service from 1 January 2016 to 1 January 2023. We will use data from medical records obtained at routine visits from the first assessment through repeated visits. Data on demographics, physical and mental health profiles, and information regarding gender identity will be collected and analyzed. The characteristics of those individuals who progressed to hormone therapy will be compared to those who did not. Results: This study aims to enhance our understanding of the characteristics and needs of contemporary youngsters with gender identity issues. Conclusions: The scientific evidence for the assessment and treatment of gender incongruence in youngsters is limited. The characteristics of youngsters seeking healthcare for gender incongruence today may differ from earlier.