TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic studies of abdominal MRI data identify genes regulating hepcidin as major determinants of liver iron concentration
AU - Wilman, Henry R.
AU - Parisinos, Constantinos A.
AU - Atabaki-Pasdar, Naeimeh
AU - Kelly, Matt
AU - Thomas, E. Louise
AU - Neubauer, Stefan
AU - Jennison, Christopher
AU - Ehrhardt, B.
AU - Baum, Patrick
AU - Schoelsch, Corinna
AU - Freijer, Jan
AU - Grempler, Rolf
AU - Graefe-Mody, Ulrike
AU - Hennige, A.
AU - Dings, Christiane
AU - Lehr, Thorsten
AU - Scherer, Nina
AU - Sihinecich, I.
AU - Pattou, Francois
AU - Raverdi, Violeta
AU - Caiazzo, Robert
AU - Torres, Fanelly
AU - Verkindt, Helene
AU - Mari, Andrea
AU - Tura, Andrea
AU - Giorgino, Toni
AU - Bizzotto, null
AU - Froguel, Philippe
AU - Brorsson, Caroline
AU - Brunak, S.
AU - De Masi, Federico
AU - Pedersen, H.
AU - Banasik, Karina
AU - Thomas, Cecilia
AU - Lundgaard, Agnete
AU - Nielsen, A.
AU - Mazzoni, Gianluca
AU - Karaderi, T.
AU - Rasmussen, S.
AU - Johansen, Joachim
AU - Allesøe, Rosa
AU - Arumugam, Manimozhiyan
AU - Allin, Kristine
AU - Hansen, Torben
AU - Hansen, Tue
AU - Jonsson, Anna
AU - Pedersen, Oluf
AU - Dutta, Avirup
AU - Vogt, J.
AU - Vestergaard, Henrik
AU - IMI-DIRECT consortium
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Background & Aims: Excess liver iron content is common and is linked to the risk of hepatic and extrahepatic diseases. We aimed to identify genetic variants influencing liver iron content and use genetics to understand its link to other traits and diseases. Methods: First, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 8,289 individuals from UK Biobank, whose liver iron level had been quantified by magnetic resonance imaging, before validating our findings in an independent cohort (n = 1,513 from IMI DIRECT). Second, we used Mendelian randomisation to test the causal effects of 25 predominantly metabolic traits on liver iron content. Third, we tested phenome-wide associations between liver iron variants and 770 traits and disease outcomes. Results: We identified 3 independent genetic variants (rs1800562 [C282Y] and rs1799945 [H63D] in HFE and rs855791 [V736A] in TMPRSS6) associated with liver iron content that reached the GWAS significance threshold (p <5 × 10−8). The 2 HFE variants account for ∼85% of all cases of hereditary haemochromatosis. Mendelian randomisation analysis provided evidence that higher central obesity plays a causal role in increased liver iron content. Phenome-wide association analysis demonstrated shared aetiopathogenic mechanisms for elevated liver iron, high blood pressure, cirrhosis, malignancies, neuropsychiatric and rheumatological conditions, while also highlighting inverse associations with anaemias, lipidaemias and ischaemic heart disease. Conclusion: Our study provides genetic evidence that mechanisms underlying higher liver iron content are likely systemic rather than organ specific, that higher central obesity is causally associated with higher liver iron, and that liver iron shares common aetiology with multiple metabolic and non-metabolic diseases. Lay summary: Excess liver iron content is common and is associated with liver diseases and metabolic diseases including diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. We identified 3 genetic variants that are linked to an increased risk of developing higher liver iron content. We show that the same genetic variants are linked to higher risk of many diseases, but they may also be associated with some health advantages. Finally, we use genetic variants associated with waist-to-hip ratio as a tool to show that central obesity is causally associated with increased liver iron content.
AB - Background & Aims: Excess liver iron content is common and is linked to the risk of hepatic and extrahepatic diseases. We aimed to identify genetic variants influencing liver iron content and use genetics to understand its link to other traits and diseases. Methods: First, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 8,289 individuals from UK Biobank, whose liver iron level had been quantified by magnetic resonance imaging, before validating our findings in an independent cohort (n = 1,513 from IMI DIRECT). Second, we used Mendelian randomisation to test the causal effects of 25 predominantly metabolic traits on liver iron content. Third, we tested phenome-wide associations between liver iron variants and 770 traits and disease outcomes. Results: We identified 3 independent genetic variants (rs1800562 [C282Y] and rs1799945 [H63D] in HFE and rs855791 [V736A] in TMPRSS6) associated with liver iron content that reached the GWAS significance threshold (p <5 × 10−8). The 2 HFE variants account for ∼85% of all cases of hereditary haemochromatosis. Mendelian randomisation analysis provided evidence that higher central obesity plays a causal role in increased liver iron content. Phenome-wide association analysis demonstrated shared aetiopathogenic mechanisms for elevated liver iron, high blood pressure, cirrhosis, malignancies, neuropsychiatric and rheumatological conditions, while also highlighting inverse associations with anaemias, lipidaemias and ischaemic heart disease. Conclusion: Our study provides genetic evidence that mechanisms underlying higher liver iron content are likely systemic rather than organ specific, that higher central obesity is causally associated with higher liver iron, and that liver iron shares common aetiology with multiple metabolic and non-metabolic diseases. Lay summary: Excess liver iron content is common and is associated with liver diseases and metabolic diseases including diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. We identified 3 genetic variants that are linked to an increased risk of developing higher liver iron content. We show that the same genetic variants are linked to higher risk of many diseases, but they may also be associated with some health advantages. Finally, we use genetic variants associated with waist-to-hip ratio as a tool to show that central obesity is causally associated with increased liver iron content.
KW - Genetics
KW - Genome-wide association study
KW - Iron
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Metabolic syndrome
KW - Metabolism
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.05.032
DO - 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.05.032
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 31226389
AN - SCOPUS:85068854139
VL - 71
SP - 594
EP - 602
JO - Journal of Hepatology, Supplement
JF - Journal of Hepatology, Supplement
SN - 0169-5185
IS - 3
ER -