GLP-1 and GIP are colocalized in a subset of endocrine cells in the small intestine

Kristine Mortensen, Louise Lundby Christensen, Jens Juul Holst, Cathrine Ørskov

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294 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The incretin hormones GIP and GLP-1 are thought to be produced in separate endocrine cells located in the proximal and distal ends of the mammalian small intestine, respectively. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using double immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we found that GLP-1 was colocalized with either GIP or PYY in endocrine cells of the porcine, rat, and human small intestines, whereas GIP and PYY were rarely colocalized. Thus, of all the cells staining positively for either GLP-1, GIP, or both, 55-75% were GLP-1 and GIP double-stained in the mid-small intestine. Concentrations of extractable GIP and PYY were highest in the midjejunum [154 (95-167) and 141 (67-158) pmol/g, median and range, respectively], whereas GLP-1 concentrations were highest in the ileum [92 (80-207) pmol/l], but GLP-1, GIP, and PYY immunoreactive cells were found throughout the porcine small intestine. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide a morphological basis to suggest simultaneous, rather than sequential, secretion of these hormones by postprandial luminal stimulation.
Original languageEnglish
JournalRegulatory Peptides
Volume114
Issue number2-3
Pages (from-to)189-96
Number of pages7
ISSN0167-0115
Publication statusPublished - 2003

Bibliographical note

Keywords: Animals; Chromatography, Gel; Endocrine Glands; Female; Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; Glucagon; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; In Situ Hybridization; Intestine, Small; Peptide Fragments; Protein Precursors; Swine

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