Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark

Frederik Plesner Lyngse; Laust Hvas Mortensen; Matthew J Denwood; Lasse Engbo Christiansen; Camilla Holten Møller; Robert Leo Skov; Katja Spiess; Anders Fomsgaard; Ria Lassaunière; Morten Rasmussen; Marc Stegger; Claus Nielsen; Raphael Niklaus Sieber; Arieh Sierra Cohen; Frederik Trier Møller; Maria Overvad; Kåre Mølbak; Tyra Grove Krause; Carsten Thure Kirkeby

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33328-3

Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark

Frederik Plesner Lyngse, Laust Hvas Mortensen, Matthew J Denwood, Lasse Engbo Christiansen, Camilla Holten Møller, Robert Leo Skov, Katja Spiess, Anders Fomsgaard, Ria Lassaunière, Morten Rasmussen, Marc Stegger, Claus Nielsen, Raphael Niklaus Sieber, Arieh Sierra Cohen, Frederik Trier Møller, Maria Overvad, Kåre Mølbak, Tyra Grove Krause, Carsten Thure Kirkeby

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Abstract

In late 2021, the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant overtook the previously dominant Delta variant, but the extent to which this transition was driven by immune evasion or a change in the inherent transmissibility is currently unclear. We estimate SARS-CoV-2 transmission within Danish households during December 2021. Among 26,675 households (8,568 with the Omicron VOC), we identified 14,140 secondary infections within a 1-7-day follow-up period. The secondary attack rate was 29% and 21% in households infected with Omicron and Delta, respectively. For Omicron, the odds of infection were 1.10 (95%-CI: 1.00-1.21) times higher for unvaccinated, 2.38 (95%-CI: 2.23-2.54) times higher for fully vaccinated and 3.20 (95%-CI: 2.67-3.83) times higher for booster-vaccinated contacts compared to Delta. We conclude that the transition from Delta to Omicron VOC was primarily driven by immune evasiveness and to a lesser extent an inherent increase in the basic transmissibility of the Omicron variant.

Original language	English
Article number	5573
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	13
ISSN	2041-1723
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33328-3
Publication status	Published - 2022

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Lyngse, F. P., Mortensen, L. H., Denwood, M. J., Christiansen, L. E., Møller, C. H., Skov, R. L., Spiess, K., Fomsgaard, A., Lassaunière, R., Rasmussen, M., Stegger, M., Nielsen, C., Sieber, R. N., Cohen, A. S., Møller, F. T., Overvad, M., Mølbak, K., Krause, T. G., & Kirkeby, C. T. (2022). Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark. Nature Communications, 13, [5573]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33328-3

Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark. / Lyngse, Frederik Plesner ; Mortensen, Laust Hvas ; Denwood, Matthew J; Christiansen, Lasse Engbo; Møller, Camilla Holten; Skov, Robert Leo; Spiess, Katja; Fomsgaard, Anders; Lassaunière, Ria; Rasmussen, Morten; Stegger, Marc; Nielsen, Claus; Sieber, Raphael Niklaus; Cohen, Arieh Sierra; Møller, Frederik Trier; Overvad, Maria; Mølbak, Kåre ; Krause, Tyra Grove ; Kirkeby, Carsten Thure.

In: Nature Communications, Vol. 13, 5573, 2022.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Lyngse, FP , Mortensen, LH , Denwood, MJ, Christiansen, LE, Møller, CH, Skov, RL, Spiess, K, Fomsgaard, A, Lassaunière, R, Rasmussen, M, Stegger, M, Nielsen, C, Sieber, RN, Cohen, AS, Møller, FT, Overvad, M, Mølbak, K , Krause, TG & Kirkeby, CT 2022, 'Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark', Nature Communications, vol. 13, 5573. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33328-3

Lyngse, Frederik Plesner ; Mortensen, Laust Hvas ; Denwood, Matthew J ; Christiansen, Lasse Engbo ; Møller, Camilla Holten ; Skov, Robert Leo ; Spiess, Katja ; Fomsgaard, Anders ; Lassaunière, Ria ; Rasmussen, Morten ; Stegger, Marc ; Nielsen, Claus ; Sieber, Raphael Niklaus ; Cohen, Arieh Sierra ; Møller, Frederik Trier ; Overvad, Maria ; Mølbak, Kåre ; Krause, Tyra Grove ; Kirkeby, Carsten Thure. / Household transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Denmark. In: Nature Communications. 2022 ; Vol. 13.

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abstract = "In late 2021, the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant overtook the previously dominant Delta variant, but the extent to which this transition was driven by immune evasion or a change in the inherent transmissibility is currently unclear. We estimate SARS-CoV-2 transmission within Danish households during December 2021. Among 26,675 households (8,568 with the Omicron VOC), we identified 14,140 secondary infections within a 1-7-day follow-up period. The secondary attack rate was 29% and 21% in households infected with Omicron and Delta, respectively. For Omicron, the odds of infection were 1.10 (95%-CI: 1.00-1.21) times higher for unvaccinated, 2.38 (95%-CI: 2.23-2.54) times higher for fully vaccinated and 3.20 (95%-CI: 2.67-3.83) times higher for booster-vaccinated contacts compared to Delta. We conclude that the transition from Delta to Omicron VOC was primarily driven by immune evasiveness and to a lesser extent an inherent increase in the basic transmissibility of the Omicron variant.",

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AU - Sieber, Raphael Niklaus

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