Influence of plasma halide, pseudohalide and nitrite ions on myeloperoxidase-mediated protein and extracellular matrix damage

Shuqi Xu, Christine Y. Chuang, Ernst Malle, Luke F. Gamon, Clare L. Hawkins, Michael J. Davies*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)
42 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) mediates pathogen destruction by generating the bactericidal oxidant hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Formation of this oxidant is however associated with host tissue damage and disease. MPO also utilizes H2O2 to oxidize other substrates, and we hypothesized that mixtures of other plasma anions, including bromide (Br), iodide (I), thiocyanate (SCN) and nitrite (NO2), at normal or supplemented concentrations, might modulate MPO-mediated HOCl damage. For the (pseudo)halide anions, only SCN significantly modulated HOCl formation (IC50 ∼33 μM), which is within the normal physiological range, as judged by damage to human plasma fibronectin or extracellular matrix preparations detected by ELISA and LC-MS. NO2 modulated HOCl-mediated damage, in a dose-dependent manner, at physiologically-attainable anion concentrations. However, this was accompanied by increased tyrosine and tryptophan nitration (detected by ELISA and LC-MS), and the overall extent of damage remained approximately constant. Increasing NO2 concentrations (0.5–20 μM) diminished HOCl-mediated modification of tyrosine and methionine, whereas tryptophan loss was enhanced. At higher NO2 concentrations, enhanced tyrosine and methionine loss was detected. These analytical data were confirmed in studies of cell adhesion and metabolic activity. Together, these data indicate that endogenous plasma levels of SCN (but not Br or I) can modulate protein modification induced by MPO, including the extent of chlorination. In contrast, NO2 alters the type of modification, but does not markedly decrease its extent, with chlorination replaced by nitration. These data also indicate that MPO could be a major source of nitration in vivo, and particularly at inflammatory sites where NO2 levels are often elevated.

Original languageEnglish
JournalFree Radical Biology and Medicine
Volume188
Pages (from-to)162-174
ISSN0891-5849
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors

Keywords

  • Extracellular matrix
  • Fibronectin
  • Hypochlorous acid
  • Myeloperoxidase
  • Nitration
  • Nitrite
  • Smooth muscle cells
  • Thiocyanate

Cite this