Intake of total dietary sugar and fibre is associated with insulin resistance among Danish 8–10- and 14–16-year-old girls but not boys. European Youth Heart Studies I and II

Iben Kynde, Nina F Johnsen, Niels Wedderkopp, I B C Bygbjerg, Jørn Wulff Helge, Berit L Heitmann

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Abstract

Objective: To examine the dietary intake of total sugar, added sugar, non-added sugar and starch as well as dietary fibre and glycaemic index (GI) and their respective associations with insulin resistance.
Design: Mixed linear models were used to study both cross-sectional and prospective associations between carbohydrate components and insulin resistance separately in girls and boys. Diet was assessed by a single 24 h recall interview and insulin resistance was calculated using the homoestasis model assessment (HOMA).
Setting: The Danish part of the European Youth Heart Studies (EYHS) I and II.
Subjects: Girls and boys at 8–10 and 14–16 years from EYHS I (n 651) and 8–10-year olds from baseline followed up 6 years later in EYHS II (n 233).
Results: Among girls, a difference in dietary total sugar of 43 g/MJ was associated with a 1 SD difference of HOMA and a difference in dietary fibre of 28g/MJ was associated with a 1 SD difference of HOMA, independent of age, maturity and other confounders (both P50?03). No baseline associations were found among boys and no prospective associations were found in either sex.
Conclusions: Dietary intake of total sugar may play an adverse role and fibre may play a beneficial role in concurrent insulin resistance among girls but not boys. Sex differences may be due to differences in maturity, physical activity, food patterns
and selective reporting behaviours.
Original languageEnglish
JournalPublic Health Nutrition
Volume13
Issue number10
Pages (from-to)1669-74
Number of pages6
ISSN1368-9800
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Oct 2010

Keywords

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Denmark
  • Diet Records
  • Dietary Fiber
  • Dietary Sucrose
  • Female
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Male
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sex Factors

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