Lipoprotein subclass profile after progressive energy deficits induced by calorie restriction or exercise

Yu Chung Chooi, Cherlyn Ding, Zhiling Chan, Jezebel Lo, John Choo, Benjamin T K Ding, Melvin K-S Leow, Faidon Magkos

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Abstract

Weight loss, induced by chronic energy deficit, improves the blood lipid profile. However, the effects of an acute negative energy balance and the comparative efficacy of diet and exercise are not well-established. We determined the effects of progressive, acute energy deficits (20% or 40% of daily energy requirements) induced by a single day of calorie restriction (n = 19) or aerobic exercise (n = 13) in healthy subjects (age: 26 ± 9 years; body mass index (BMI): 21.8 ± 2.9 kg/m²). Fasting plasma concentrations of very low-, intermediate-, low-, and high-density lipoprotein (VLDL, LDL, IDL, and HDL, respectively) particles and their subclasses were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance. Total plasma triglyceride and VLDL-triglyceride concentrations decreased after calorie restriction and exercise (all p ≤ 0.025); the pattern of change was linear with an increasing energy deficit (all p < 0.03), with no evidence of plateauing. The number of circulating large and medium VLDL particles decreased after diet and exercise (all p < 0.015), with no change in small VLDL particles. The concentrations of IDL, LDL, and HDL particles, their relative distributions, and the particle sizes were not altered. Our data indicate that an acute negative energy balance induced by calorie restriction and aerobic exercise reduces triglyceride concentrations in a dose-dependent manner, by decreasing circulating large and medium VLDL particles.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1814
JournalNutrients
Volume10
Issue number11
Number of pages14
ISSN2072-6643
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 Nov 2018

Keywords

  • Faculty of Science
  • Lipoproteins
  • Triglyceride
  • Cholesterol
  • Negative energy balance

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