TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-term exposure to several constituents and sources of PM2.5 is associated with incidence of upper aerodigestive tract cancers but not gastric cancer
T2 - Results from the large pooled European cohort of the ELAPSE project
AU - Weinmayr, Gudrun
AU - Chen, Jie
AU - Jaensch, Andrea
AU - Skodda, Lea
AU - Rodopoulou, Sophia
AU - Strak, Maciej
AU - de Hoogh, Kees
AU - Andersen, Zorana J.
AU - Bellander, Tom
AU - Brandt, Jørgen
AU - Fecht, Daniela
AU - Forastiere, Francesco
AU - Gulliver, John
AU - Hertel, Ole
AU - Hoffmann, Barbara
AU - Hvidtfeldt, Ulla Arthur
AU - Katsouyanni, Klea
AU - Ketzel, Matthias
AU - Leander, Karin
AU - Magnusson, Patrik K.E.
AU - Pershagen, Göran
AU - Rizzuto, Debora
AU - Samoli, Evangelia
AU - Severi, Gianluca
AU - Stafoggia, Massimo
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Vermeulen, Roel
AU - Wolf, Kathrin
AU - Zitt, Emanuel
AU - Brunekreef, Bert
AU - Thurston, George
AU - Hoek, Gerard
AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole
AU - Nagel, Gabriele
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - It is unclear whether cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) and gastric cancer are related to air pollution, due to few studies with inconsistent results. The effects of particulate matter (PM) may vary across locations due to different source contributions and related PM compositions, and it is not clear which PM constituents/sources are most relevant from a consideration of overall mass concentration alone. We therefore investigated the association of UADT and gastric cancers with PM2.5 elemental constituents and sources components indicative of different sources within a large multicentre population based epidemiological study. Cohorts with at least 10 cases per cohort led to ten and eight cohorts from five countries contributing to UADT- and gastric cancer analysis, respectively. Outcome ascertainment was based on cancer registry data or data of comparable quality. We assigned home address exposure to eight elemental constituents (Cu, Fe, K, Ni, S, Si, V and Zn) estimated from Europe-wide exposure models, and five source components identified by absolute principal component analysis (APCA). Cox regression models were run with age as time scale, stratified for sex and cohort and adjusted for relevant individual and neighbourhood level confounders. We observed 1139 UADT and 872 gastric cancer cases during a mean follow-up of 18.3 and 18.5 years, respectively. UADT cancer incidence was associated with all constituents except K in single element analyses. After adjustment for NO2, only Ni and V remained associated with UADT. Residual oil combustion and traffic source components were associated with UADT cancer persisting in the multiple source model. No associations were found for any of the elements or source components and gastric cancer incidence. Our results indicate an association of several PM constituents indicative of different sources with UADT but not gastric cancer incidence with the most robust evidence for traffic and residual oil combustion.
AB - It is unclear whether cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) and gastric cancer are related to air pollution, due to few studies with inconsistent results. The effects of particulate matter (PM) may vary across locations due to different source contributions and related PM compositions, and it is not clear which PM constituents/sources are most relevant from a consideration of overall mass concentration alone. We therefore investigated the association of UADT and gastric cancers with PM2.5 elemental constituents and sources components indicative of different sources within a large multicentre population based epidemiological study. Cohorts with at least 10 cases per cohort led to ten and eight cohorts from five countries contributing to UADT- and gastric cancer analysis, respectively. Outcome ascertainment was based on cancer registry data or data of comparable quality. We assigned home address exposure to eight elemental constituents (Cu, Fe, K, Ni, S, Si, V and Zn) estimated from Europe-wide exposure models, and five source components identified by absolute principal component analysis (APCA). Cox regression models were run with age as time scale, stratified for sex and cohort and adjusted for relevant individual and neighbourhood level confounders. We observed 1139 UADT and 872 gastric cancer cases during a mean follow-up of 18.3 and 18.5 years, respectively. UADT cancer incidence was associated with all constituents except K in single element analyses. After adjustment for NO2, only Ni and V remained associated with UADT. Residual oil combustion and traffic source components were associated with UADT cancer persisting in the multiple source model. No associations were found for any of the elements or source components and gastric cancer incidence. Our results indicate an association of several PM constituents indicative of different sources with UADT but not gastric cancer incidence with the most robust evidence for traffic and residual oil combustion.
KW - Air pollution
KW - Gastric cancer
KW - Long-term exposure
KW - Particulate matter (PM)
KW - PM composition
KW - PM sources
KW - Upper aerodigestive tract cancer
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168789
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168789
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37996018
AN - SCOPUS:85178634685
VL - 912
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
SN - 0048-9697
M1 - 168789
ER -