Mechanisms and consequences of oxidative damage to extracellular matrix

Eleanor C Kennett, Christine Y Chuang, Georg Degendorfer, John M Whitelock, Michael Jonathan Davies

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

49 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Considerable evidence exists for oxidative damage to extracellular materials during multiple human pathologies. Unlike cells, the extracellular compartment of most biological tissues is less well protected against oxidation than intracellular sites in terms of the presence of both antioxidants (low molecular mass and enzymatic) and repair enzymes. The extracellular compartment may therefore be subject to greater oxidative stress, marked alterations in redox balance and an accumulation of damage due to slow turnover and/or poor repair. The nature and consequences of damage to ECM (extracellular matrix) are poorly understood, despite the growing realization that changes in matrix structure not only have structural consequences, but also play a key role in the regulation of cellular adhesion, proliferation, migration and cell signalling. The ECM also plays a key role in cytokine and growth factor binding, and matrix modifications would therefore be expected to alter these parameters. In the present study, we review mechanisms of oxidative damage to ECM, resulting changes in matrix structure and how this affects cellular behaviour. The role of such damage in the development and progression of inflammatory diseases is also discussed with particular reference to cardiovascular disease.

Original languageEnglish
JournalBiochemical Society Transactions
Volume39
Issue number5
Pages (from-to)1279-87
Number of pages9
ISSN0300-5127
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Oct 2011
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Antioxidants
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Disease Progression
  • Extracellular Matrix
  • Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans
  • Humans
  • Oxidants
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Reactive Nitrogen Species
  • Reactive Oxygen Species

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