Molecular and Morphological Identification of Sarocladium Species Causing Sheath Rot of Rice in Thailand and Their Division into Physiological Races

Jintana Unartngam, Noppol Kopmoo, Umpawa Pinruan, Chatchai Kosawang*, Hans Jørgen Lyngs Jørgensen*

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Sheath rot and dirty panicle are some of the major diseases of rice in Thailand. The diseases are traditionally considered to be caused by the pathogen Sarocladium oryzae and damage and lower both the quantity and quality of rice grain. In this study, 32 fungal isolates collected from the central and northeastern regions of Thailand were analysed phylogenetically using three molecular markers (ITS, D1/D2 of 28S rDNA and ACT) and physiological races were determined on 10 differential rice cultivars. We found that S. oryzae is not the only causal agent of sheath rot in Thailand, but S. attenuatum was also found. Despite having similar morphological features, the phylogenetic analysis recognised 11 of 32 isolates as S. attenuatum and the remaining isolates as S. oryzae. This is the first report of S. attenuatum causing sheath rot of rice in Thailand in addition to S. oryzae. Evaluation of physiological races revealed high pathogenic diversity of the two species. Thus, 16 and 11 physiological races were recorded from 21 isolates of S. oryzae and 11 isolates of S. attenuatum, respectively. These results indicate that both S. oryzae and S. attenuatum are the causal agents of rice sheath rot and dirty panicle in Thailand and that they are pathologically diverse.
Original languageEnglish
Article number535
JournalJournal of Fungi
Volume10
Issue number8
Number of pages11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024

Keywords

  • Sarocladium oryzae
  • Sarocladium attenuatum
  • sheath rot
  • dirty panicle
  • physiological races

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