Oral pharmacological chaperone migalastat compared with enzyme replacement therapy in Fabry disease: 18-month results from the randomised phase III ATTRACT study

Derralynn A. Hughes*, Kathleen Nicholls, Suma P. Shankar, Gere Sunder-Plassmann, David Koeller, Khan Nedd, Gerard Vockley, Takashi Hamazaki, Robin Lachmann, Toya Ohashi, Iacopo Olivotto, Norio Sakai, Patrick Deegan, David Dimmock, François Eyskens, Dominique P. Germain, Ozlem Goker-Alpan, Eric Hachulla, Ana Jovanovic, Charles M. LourencoIchiei Narita, Mark Thomas, William R. Wilcox, Daniel G. Bichet, Raphael Schiffmann, Elizabeth Ludington, Christopher Viereck, John Kirk, Julie Yu, Franklin Johnson, Pol Boudes, Elfrida R. Benjamin, David J. Lockhart, Carrolee Barlow, Nina Skuban, Jeffrey P. Castelli, Jay Barth, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Background Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by GLA mutations, resulting in α-galactosidase (α-Gal) deficiency and accumulation of lysosomal substrates. Migalastat, an oral pharmacological chaperone being developed as an alternative to intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), stabilises specific mutant (amenable) forms of α- Gal to facilitate normal lysosomal trafficking. Methods The main objective of the 18-month, randomised, active-controlled ATTRACT study was to assess the effects of migalastat on renal function in patients with Fabry disease previously treated with ERT. Effects on heart, disease substrate, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and safety were also assessed. Results Fifty-seven adults (56% female) receiving ERT (88% had multiorgan disease) were randomised (1.5:1), based on a preliminary cell-based assay of responsiveness to migalastat, to receive 18 months open-label migalastat or remain on ERT. Four patients had nonamenable mutant forms of α-Gal based on the validated cell-based assay conducted after treatment initiation and were excluded from primary efficacy analyses only. Migalastat and ERT had similar effects on renal function. Left ventricular mass index decreased significantly with migalastat treatment (-6.6 g/m2 (-11.0 to -2.2)); there was no significant change with ERT. Predefined renal, cardiac or cerebrovascular events occurred in 29% and 44% of patients in the migalastat and ERT groups, respectively. Plasma globotriaosylsphingosine remained low and stable following the switch from ERT to migalastat. PROs were comparable between groups. Migalastat was generally safe and well tolerated. Conclusions Migalastat offers promise as a first-in-class oral monotherapy alternative treatment to intravenous ERT for patients with Fabry disease and amenable mutations.

Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Medical Genetics
Volume54
Issue number4
Pages (from-to)288-296
Number of pages9
ISSN0022-2593
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2017

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