Overweight and the metabolic syndrome in adult offspring of women with diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus or type 1 diabetes

Tine D Clausen, Elisabeth R Mathiesen, Torben Hansen, Oluf Borbye Pedersen, Dorte M Jensen, Jeannet Lauenborg, Lone Schmidt, Peter Damm, Tine Dalsgaard Clausen, Elisabeth R Mathiesen, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen, Dorte Jensen, Jeannet Lauenborg, Lone Schmidt, Peter Damm

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Abstract

Overweight and the metabolic syndrome in adult offspring of women with diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus or type 1 diabetes Context: In animal studies exposure to intrauterine hyperglycemia increases the risk of cardiovascular disease through only partly understood epigenetic mechanisms. Human long-term follow-up studies on the same topic are few. Objective: To study the risk of overweight and the metabolic syndrome in adult offspring of women with diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or type 1 diabetes, and additionally to study associations between estimates of maternal hyperglycemia and outcome in the offspring Design: Follow-up study of 1,066 primarily Caucasians aged 18-27 years. Setting: Center for pregnant women with diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Denmark Participants: Offspring of women with diet-treated GDM (n=168) and an un-exposed reference group (n=141). Offspring of women with type 1 diabetes (n=160) and offspring from the background population representing an un-exposed reference group (n=128). Follow-up rate was 56% (597/1,066). Main outcome measures: Overweight: body mass index (BMI) >/= 25kg/m(2). The metabolic syndrome: the International Diabetes Federation 2006 criteria. Results: The risk of overweight was doubled in offspring of women with diet-treated GDM or type 1 diabetes compared with offspring from the background population whereas the risk of the metabolic syndrome was four and 2.5-fold increased, respectively. Offspring risk of the metabolic syndrome increased significantly with increasing maternal fasting blood glucose as well as 2-h blood glucose (during OGTT). Conclusions: Adult offspring of women with diet-treated GDM or type 1 diabetes are risk groups for overweight and the metabolic syndrome. Intrauterine hyperglycemia may in addition to genetics and other factors contribute to the pathogenesis of overweight and the metabolic syndrome.
Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume94
Issue number7
Pages (from-to)2464-70
Number of pages7
ISSN0021-972X
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jul 2009

Bibliographical note

Export Date: 4 November 2009Source: Scopus

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