TY - JOUR
T1 - Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia
AU - Allentoft, Morten E.
AU - Sikora, Martin
AU - Refoyo-Martínez, Alba
AU - Irving-Pease, Evan K.
AU - Fischer, Anders
AU - Barrie, William
AU - Ingason, Andrés
AU - Stenderup, Jesper
AU - Sjögren, Karl-Göran
AU - Pearson, Alice
AU - da Mota, Bárbara Sousa
AU - Paulsson, Bettina Schulz
AU - Halgren, Alma
AU - Macleod, Ruairidh
AU - Jørkov, Marie Louise Schjellerup
AU - Demeter, Fabrice
AU - Sørensen, Lasse
AU - Nielsen, Poul Otto
AU - Henriksen, Rasmus A.
AU - Vimala, Tharsika
AU - McColl, Hugh
AU - Margaryan, Ashot
AU - Ilardo, Melissa
AU - Vaughn, Andrew
AU - Mortensen, Morten Fischer
AU - Nielsen, Anne Birgitte
AU - Hede, Mikkel Ulfeldt
AU - Johannsen, Niels Nørkjær
AU - Rasmussen, Peter
AU - Vinner, Lasse
AU - Renaud, Gabriel
AU - Stern, Aaron
AU - Jensen, Theis Zetner Trolle
AU - Scorrano, Gabriele
AU - Schroeder, Hannes
AU - Lysdahl, Per
AU - Ramsøe, Abigail Daisy
AU - Skorobogatov, Andrei
AU - Schork, Andrew Joseph
AU - Rosengren, Anders
AU - Ruter, Anthony
AU - Outram, Alan
AU - Timoshenko, Aleksey A.
AU - Buzhilova, Alexandra
AU - Coppa, Alfredo
AU - Zubova, Alisa
AU - Silva, Ana Maria
AU - Hansen, Anders J.
AU - Gromov, Andrey
AU - Logvin, Andrey
AU - Gotfredsen, Anne Birgitte
AU - Nielsen, Bjarne Henning
AU - González-Rabanal, Borja
AU - Lalueza-Fox, Carles
AU - McKenzie, Catriona J.
AU - Gaunitz, Charleen
AU - Blasco, Concepción
AU - Liesau, Corina
AU - Martinez-Labarga, Cristina
AU - Pozdnyakov, Dmitri V.
AU - Cuenca-Solana, David
AU - Lordkipanidze, David O.
AU - En’shin, Dmitri
AU - Salazar-García, Domingo C.
AU - Price, T. Douglas
AU - Borić, Dušan
AU - Kostyleva, Elena
AU - Veselovskaya, Elizaveta V.
AU - Usmanova, Emma R.
AU - Cappellini, Enrico
AU - Petersen, Erik Brinch
AU - Kannegaard, Esben
AU - Radina, Francesca
AU - Yediay, Fulya Eylem
AU - Duday, Henri
AU - Gutiérrez-Zugasti, Igor
AU - Merts, Ilya
AU - Potekhina, Inna
AU - Shevnina, Irina
AU - Altinkaya, Isin
AU - Guilaine, Jean
AU - Hansen, Jesper
AU - Tortosa, Joan Emili Aura
AU - Zilhão, João
AU - Vega, Jorge
AU - Pedersen, Kristoffer Buck
AU - Tunia, Krzysztof
AU - Zhao, Lei
AU - Mylnikova, Liudmila N.
AU - Larsson, Lars
AU - Metz, Laure
AU - Yepiskoposyan, Levon
AU - Pedersen, Lisbeth
AU - Sarti, Lucia
AU - Orlando, Ludovic
AU - Slimak, Ludovic
AU - Klassen, Lutz
AU - Blank, Malou
AU - González-Morales, Manuel
AU - Silvestrini, Mara
AU - Vretemark, Maria
AU - Nesterova, Marina S.
AU - Rykun, Marina
AU - Rolfo, Mario Federico
AU - Szmyt, Marzena
AU - Przybyła, Marcin
AU - Calattini, Mauro
AU - Sablin, Mikhail
AU - Dobisíková, Miluše
AU - Meldgaard, Morten
AU - Johansen, Morten
AU - Berezina, Natalia
AU - Card, Nick
AU - Saveliev, Nikolai A.
AU - Poshekhonova, Olga
AU - Rickards, Olga
AU - Lozovskaya, Olga V.
AU - Gábor, Olivér
AU - Uldum, Otto Christian
AU - Aurino, Paola
AU - Kosintsev, Pavel
AU - Courtaud, Patrice
AU - Ríos, Patricia
AU - Mortensen, Peder
AU - Lotz, Per
AU - Persson, Per
AU - Bangsgaard, Pernille
AU - de Barros Damgaard, Peter
AU - Vang Petersen, Peter
AU - Martinez, Pilar Prieto
AU - Włodarczak, Piotr
AU - Smolyaninov, Roman V.
AU - Maring, Rikke
AU - Menduiña, Roberto
AU - Badalyan, Ruben
AU - Iversen, Rune
AU - Turin, Ruslan
AU - Vasilyev, Sergey
AU - Wåhlin, Sidsel
AU - Borutskaya, Svetlana
AU - Skochina, Svetlana
AU - Sørensen, Søren Anker
AU - Andersen, Søren H.
AU - Jørgensen, Thomas
AU - Serikov, Yuri B.
AU - Molodin, Vyacheslav I.
AU - Smrcka, Vaclav
AU - Merts, Victor
AU - Appadurai, Vivek
AU - Moiseyev, Vyacheslav
AU - Magnusson, Yvonne
AU - Kjær, Kurt H.
AU - Lynnerup, Niels
AU - Lawson, Daniel J.
AU - Sudmant, Peter H.
AU - Rasmussen, Simon
AU - Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand
AU - Durbin, Richard
AU - Nielsen, Rasmus
AU - Delaneau, Olivier
AU - Werge, Thomas
AU - Racimo, Fernando
AU - Kristiansen, Kristian
AU - Willerslev, Eske
N1 - Corrigendum: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07044-5
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024, The Author(s).
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene1–5. Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced 317 genomes—mainly from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods—from across northern and western Eurasia. These were imputed alongside published data to obtain diploid genotypes from more than 1,600 ancient humans. Our analyses revealed a ‘great divide’ genomic boundary extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers were highly genetically differentiated east and west of this zone, and the effect of the neolithization was equally disparate. Large-scale ancestry shifts occurred in the west as farming was introduced, including near-total replacement of hunter-gatherers in many areas, whereas no substantial ancestry shifts happened east of the zone during the same period. Similarly, relatedness decreased in the west from the Neolithic transition onwards, whereas, east of the Urals, relatedness remained high until around 4,000 bp, consistent with the persistence of localized groups of hunter-gatherers. The boundary dissolved when Yamnaya-related ancestry spread across western Eurasia around 5,000 bp, resulting in a second major turnover that reached most parts of Europe within a 1,000-year span. The genetic origin and fate of the Yamnaya have remained elusive, but we show that hunter-gatherers from the Middle Don region contributed ancestry to them. Yamnaya groups later admixed with individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture before expanding into Europe. Similar turnovers occurred in western Siberia, where we report new genomic data from a ‘Neolithic steppe’ cline spanning the Siberian forest steppe to Lake Baikal. These prehistoric migrations had profound and lasting effects on the genetic diversity of Eurasian populations.
AB - Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene1–5. Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced 317 genomes—mainly from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods—from across northern and western Eurasia. These were imputed alongside published data to obtain diploid genotypes from more than 1,600 ancient humans. Our analyses revealed a ‘great divide’ genomic boundary extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers were highly genetically differentiated east and west of this zone, and the effect of the neolithization was equally disparate. Large-scale ancestry shifts occurred in the west as farming was introduced, including near-total replacement of hunter-gatherers in many areas, whereas no substantial ancestry shifts happened east of the zone during the same period. Similarly, relatedness decreased in the west from the Neolithic transition onwards, whereas, east of the Urals, relatedness remained high until around 4,000 bp, consistent with the persistence of localized groups of hunter-gatherers. The boundary dissolved when Yamnaya-related ancestry spread across western Eurasia around 5,000 bp, resulting in a second major turnover that reached most parts of Europe within a 1,000-year span. The genetic origin and fate of the Yamnaya have remained elusive, but we show that hunter-gatherers from the Middle Don region contributed ancestry to them. Yamnaya groups later admixed with individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture before expanding into Europe. Similar turnovers occurred in western Siberia, where we report new genomic data from a ‘Neolithic steppe’ cline spanning the Siberian forest steppe to Lake Baikal. These prehistoric migrations had profound and lasting effects on the genetic diversity of Eurasian populations.
U2 - 10.1038/s41586-023-06865-0
DO - 10.1038/s41586-023-06865-0
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38200295
AN - SCOPUS:85181851896
VL - 625
SP - 301
EP - 311
JO - Nature Genetics
JF - Nature Genetics
SN - 1061-4036
IS - 7994
ER -