Potassium channels in the heart

Morten Bækgaard Thomsen

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77812-9_3

Potassium channels in the heart

Morten Bækgaard Thomsen

Physiology of circulation, kidney and lung

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Book chapter › Research › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Ionic currents over the plasma membrane through channels are the cornerstone of excitable cells. Human cardiomyocytes are excitable and continuously cycle between a depolarized and a repolarized state every second throughout human life, initiating and coordinating cardiac pump function. Ion channels selective for potassium (K⁺) critically participate in cellular repolarization and contribute to stabilizing the diastolic membrane potential, thus shaping the cardiac action potential. Four different subfamilies of potassium channels are present in the heart: small conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels (SK or K_Ca2), inwardly rectifying potassium channels (K_ir), two-pore-domain potassium channels (K_2P), and voltage-gated potassium channels (K_V). In the present review, the structure and biophysical function of these cardiac potassium ion channels are reviewed. Moreover, rectification, inactivation, and current dependency on the extracellular potassium concentration are explained.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Channelopathies in Heart Disease
Editors	Dierk Thomas , Carol Ann Remme
Publisher	Springer
Publication date	2018
Pages	47-75
ISBN (Print)	978-3-319-77811-2
ISBN (Electronic)	978-3-319-77812-9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77812-9_3
Publication status	Published - 2018

Series	Cardiac and Vascular Biology
Volume	6
ISSN	2509-7830

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-319-77812-9_3

Cite this

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abstract = "Ionic currents over the plasma membrane through channels are the cornerstone of excitable cells. Human cardiomyocytes are excitable and continuously cycle between a depolarized and a repolarized state every second throughout human life, initiating and coordinating cardiac pump function. Ion channels selective for potassium (K+) critically participate in cellular repolarization and contribute to stabilizing the diastolic membrane potential, thus shaping the cardiac action potential. Four different subfamilies of potassium channels are present in the heart: small conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels (SK or KCa2), inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir), two-pore-domain potassium channels (K2P), and voltage-gated potassium channels (KV). In the present review, the structure and biophysical function of these cardiac potassium ion channels are reviewed. Moreover, rectification, inactivation, and current dependency on the extracellular potassium concentration are explained.",

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N2 - Ionic currents over the plasma membrane through channels are the cornerstone of excitable cells. Human cardiomyocytes are excitable and continuously cycle between a depolarized and a repolarized state every second throughout human life, initiating and coordinating cardiac pump function. Ion channels selective for potassium (K+) critically participate in cellular repolarization and contribute to stabilizing the diastolic membrane potential, thus shaping the cardiac action potential. Four different subfamilies of potassium channels are present in the heart: small conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels (SK or KCa2), inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir), two-pore-domain potassium channels (K2P), and voltage-gated potassium channels (KV). In the present review, the structure and biophysical function of these cardiac potassium ion channels are reviewed. Moreover, rectification, inactivation, and current dependency on the extracellular potassium concentration are explained.

AB - Ionic currents over the plasma membrane through channels are the cornerstone of excitable cells. Human cardiomyocytes are excitable and continuously cycle between a depolarized and a repolarized state every second throughout human life, initiating and coordinating cardiac pump function. Ion channels selective for potassium (K+) critically participate in cellular repolarization and contribute to stabilizing the diastolic membrane potential, thus shaping the cardiac action potential. Four different subfamilies of potassium channels are present in the heart: small conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels (SK or KCa2), inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir), two-pore-domain potassium channels (K2P), and voltage-gated potassium channels (KV). In the present review, the structure and biophysical function of these cardiac potassium ion channels are reviewed. Moreover, rectification, inactivation, and current dependency on the extracellular potassium concentration are explained.

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