TY - JOUR
T1 - Species which may act as vectors or reservoirs of diseases covered by the Animal Health Law: Listed pathogens of molluscs
AU - EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare, null
AU - Nielsen, Søren Saxmose
AU - Alvarez, Julio
AU - Bicout, Dominique
AU - Calistri, Paolo
AU - Canali, Elisabetta
AU - Drewe, Julian Ashley
AU - Garin-Bastuji, Bruno
AU - Gonzales Rojas, José Louis
AU - Smith, Christian Gortazar
AU - Herskin, Mette
AU - Michel, Virginie
AU - Miranda Chueca, Miguel Angel
AU - Padalino, Barbara
AU - Roberts, Helen
AU - Spoolder, Hans
AU - Ståhl, Karl
AU - Velarde, Antonio
AU - Viltrop, Arvo
AU - Winckler, Christoph
AU - Arzul, Isabelle
AU - Dharmaveer, Shetty
AU - Sindre, Hilde
AU - Stone, David
AU - Vendramin, Niccoló
AU - Antoniou, Sotiria-Eleni
AU - Dhollander, Sofie
AU - Karagianni, Anna Eleonora
AU - Kero, Linnea Lindgren
AU - Gnocchi, Marzia
AU - Aznar, Inma
AU - Barizzone, Fulvio
AU - Munoz Guajardo, Irene Pilar
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Vector or reservoir species of five mollusc diseases listed in the Animal Health Law were identified, based on evidence generated through an extensive literature review, to support a possible updating of Regulation (EU) 2018/1882. Mollusc species on or in which Mikrocytos mackini, Perkinsus marinus, Bonamia exitiosa, Bonamia ostreae and Marteilia refringens were detected, in the field or during experiments, were classified as reservoir species with different levels of certainty depending on the diagnostic tests used. Where experimental evidence indicated transmission of the pathogen from a studied species to another known susceptible species, this studied species was classified as a vector species. Although the quantification of the risk of spread of the pathogens by the vectors or reservoir species was not part of the terms of reference, such risks do exist for the vector species, since transmission from infected vector species to susceptible species was proven. Where evidence for transmission from infected molluscs was not found, these were defined as reservoir. Nonetheless, the risk of the spread of the pathogens from infected reservoir species cannot be excluded. Evidence identifying conditions that may prevent transmission by vectors or reservoir mollusc species during transport was collected from scientific literature. It was concluded that it is very likely to almost certain (90?100%) that M.?mackini, P.?marinus, B.?exitiosa B.?ostreae and M.?refringens will remain infective at any possible transport condition. Therefore, vector or reservoir species that may have been exposed to these pathogens in an affected area in the wild or at aquaculture establishments or through contaminated water supply can possibly transmit these pathogens. For transmission of M.?refringens, the presence of an intermediate host, a copepod, is necessary.
AB - Vector or reservoir species of five mollusc diseases listed in the Animal Health Law were identified, based on evidence generated through an extensive literature review, to support a possible updating of Regulation (EU) 2018/1882. Mollusc species on or in which Mikrocytos mackini, Perkinsus marinus, Bonamia exitiosa, Bonamia ostreae and Marteilia refringens were detected, in the field or during experiments, were classified as reservoir species with different levels of certainty depending on the diagnostic tests used. Where experimental evidence indicated transmission of the pathogen from a studied species to another known susceptible species, this studied species was classified as a vector species. Although the quantification of the risk of spread of the pathogens by the vectors or reservoir species was not part of the terms of reference, such risks do exist for the vector species, since transmission from infected vector species to susceptible species was proven. Where evidence for transmission from infected molluscs was not found, these were defined as reservoir. Nonetheless, the risk of the spread of the pathogens from infected reservoir species cannot be excluded. Evidence identifying conditions that may prevent transmission by vectors or reservoir mollusc species during transport was collected from scientific literature. It was concluded that it is very likely to almost certain (90?100%) that M.?mackini, P.?marinus, B.?exitiosa B.?ostreae and M.?refringens will remain infective at any possible transport condition. Therefore, vector or reservoir species that may have been exposed to these pathogens in an affected area in the wild or at aquaculture establishments or through contaminated water supply can possibly transmit these pathogens. For transmission of M.?refringens, the presence of an intermediate host, a copepod, is necessary.
KW - Vector
KW - Reservoir
KW - Mikrocytos mackini
KW - Perkinsus marinus
KW - Bonamia exitiosa
KW - Bonamia ostreae
KW - Marteilia refringens
KW - transport conditions
U2 - 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8173
DO - 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8173
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37533748
VL - 21
SP - 1
EP - 34
JO - E F S A Journal
JF - E F S A Journal
SN - 1831-4732
IS - 8
M1 - e08173
ER -