Supersaturated amorphous solid dispersions of celecoxib prepared in situ by microwave irradiation

Tobias Palle Holm, Matthias Manne Knopp, Ragna Berthelsen, Korbinian Löbmann*

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

This study investigated the ability of in situ amorphisation using microwave irradiation in order to prepare highly supersaturated ASDs, i.e. ASDs with drug loads higher than the saturation solubility in the polymer at ambient temperature. For this purpose, compacts containing the crystalline drug celecoxib (CCX) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylpyrrolidone—vinyl acetate copolymer (PVP/VA), or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), were prepared at drug loads between 30 and 90 % w/w. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) monohydrate was included in all compacts, as a source of water, to facilitate the dielectric heating of the compacts upon dehydration during microwave irradiation. After processing, the samples were analysed towards their solid state using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and modulated differential scanning calorimetry (mDSC). Complete amorphisation of CCX was achieved across all the investigated polymers and with a maximal drug load of 90, 80, and 50 % w/w in PVP, PVP/VA, and PVAc, respectively. These drug loads corresponded to a 2.3-, 2.4-, and 10.0-fold supersaturation in the investigated polymers at ambient temperature. However, dissolution experiments with the in situ prepared ASDs in fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF), showed a lower initial drug release (0–2 h) compared to equivalent physical mixtures of crystalline CCX and polymers or crystalline CCX alone. The lower drug release rate was explained by the fusion of individual drug and polymer particles during microwave irradiation and, subsequently, a lack of disintegration of the monolithic ASDs. Nevertheless, supersaturation of CCX in FaSSIF was achieved with the in situ amorphised ASDs with PVP and PVP/VA, albeit only after 3–24 h. Overall, the present study confirmed that it is feasible to prepare supersaturated ASDs in situ. However, in the current experimental setup, the monolithic nature of the resulting ASDs is considered a limiting factor in the practical applicability of this preparation method, due to limited disintegration and the associated negative effect on the drug release.

Original languageEnglish
Article number122115
JournalInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics
Volume626
Number of pages8
ISSN0378-5173
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Independent Research Fund Denmark [grant number DFF-7026-00052B ].

Funding Information:
The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Korbinian Loebmann reports financial support was provided by Independent Research Fund Denmark.

Keywords

  • Amorphous solid dispersion
  • Celecoxib
  • In situ amorphisation
  • Microwave irradiation
  • Polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • Sodium dihydrogen phosphate

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