The Modes of Liability at the ICC: The Labels that Don't Always Stick

The article critically analyses recent developments in the jurisprudence of the International Criminal Court. In particular, it scrutinises two convictions rendered by the Court to the date with the view of assessing the viability of the modes of liability employed by the ICC. The argument is that the hierarchy of the forms of participation that underlies the overuse of some doctrines is unjustified.