Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The incidence of allergic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis has risen at an alarming rate over the last century. Thus, there is a clear need to understand the critical factors that drive such pathologic immune responses. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) is a nuclear receptor that has emerged as an important regulator of multiple cell types involved in the inflammatory response to allergens; from airway epithelial cells to T Helper (TH) cells.
RECENT FINDINGS: Initial studies suggested that agonists of PPAR-γ could be employed to temper allergic inflammation, suppressing pro-inflammatory gene expression programs in epithelial cells. Several lines of work now suggest that PPAR-γ plays an essential in promoting 'type 2' immune responses that are typically associated with allergic disease. PPAR-γ has been found to promote the functions of TH2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, M2 macrophages and dendritic cells, regulating lipid metabolism and directly inducing effector gene expression. Moreover, preclinical models of allergy in gene-targeted mice have increasingly implicated PPAR-γ in driving allergic inflammation. Herein, we highlight the contrasting roles of PPAR-γ in allergic inflammation and hypothesize that the availability of environmental ligands for PPAR-γ may be at the heart of the rise in allergic diseases worldwide.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Current Allergy and Asthma Reports |
Volume | 21 |
Issue number | 11 |
Pages (from-to) | 45 |
ISSN | 1529-7322 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 25 Oct 2021 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
© 2021. The Author(s).Keywords
- Animals
- Asthma
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity
- Immunity, Innate
- Lymphocytes
- Mice
- PPAR gamma/genetics