Workplace psychosocial resources and risk of cardiovascular disease among employees: a multi-cohort study of 135 669 participants

Tianwei Xu*, Reiner Rugulies, Jussi Vahtera, Jaana Pentti, Jimmi Mathisen, Theis Lange, Alice J. Clark, Linda L.Magnusson Hanson, Hugo Westerlund, Jenni Ervasti, Marianna Virtanen, Mika Kivimäki, Naja H. Rod

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Objective In terms of prevention, it is important to determine effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) when some workplace psychosocial resources are high while others are low. The aim of the study was to assess the prospective relationship between clustering of workplace psychosocial resources and risk of CVD among employees. Methods We pooled data from three cohort studies of 135 669 employees (65% women, age 18–65 years and free of CVD) from Denmark, Finland and Sweden. Baseline horizontal resources (culture of collaboration and support from colleagues) and vertical resources (leadership quality and procedural justice) were measured using standard questionnaire items. Incident CVD, including coronary heart and cerebrovascular disease, was ascertained using linked electronic health records. We used latent class analysis to assess clustering (latent classes) of workplace psychosocial resources. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between these clusters and risk of CVD, adjusting for demographic and employment-related factors and pre-existing physical and mental disorders. Results We identified five clusters of workplace psychosocial resources from low on both vertical and horizontal resources (13%) to generally high resources (28%). High horizontal resources were combined with either inter-mediate [hazard ratio (HR) 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74–0.95] or high (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78–1.00) vertical resources were associated with lower risks of CVD compared to those with generally low resources. The association was most prominent for cerebrovascular disease (eg, general high resources: HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.67–0.96). Conclusions Individuals with high levels of workplace psychosocial resources across horizontal and vertical dimensions have a lower risk of CVD, particularly cerebrovascular disease.

Original languageEnglish
JournalScandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health
Volume48
Issue number8
Pages (from-to)621-631
Number of pages11
ISSN0355-3140
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, Nordic Association of Occupational Safety and Health. All rights reserved.

Keywords

  • collaboration
  • leadership quality
  • procedural justice
  • social support

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